Conclusion

Question

Alright, I think that is probably enough phylogenetic tree making for today. Hopefully, you can now be able to read these amazing evolutionary tools. And now some final EOC questions and essay!!! Yay!

This cladogram shows the evolutionary relationships among some mammals based on homologous structures

Which statement is supported by this cladogram?

(1 point)
Responses

Cows and mouse deer are more closely related than javelinas and pigs.
Cows and mouse deer are more closely related than javelinas and pigs.

Hippopotamuses are more closely related to cows than to javelinas
Hippopotamuses are more closely related to cows than to javelinas

Javelinas and pigs are more closely related than baleen whales and toothed whales
Javelinas and pigs are more closely related than baleen whales and toothed whales

Toothed whales are more closely related to mouse deer than to hippopotamuses.
Toothed whales are more closely related to mouse deer than to hippopotamuses.
Question 2
Scientists can determine relatedness among organisms by comparing partial amino acid sequences. The table shows four partial amino acid sequences from four organisms.

Organism 1 SER LEU VAL GLU
Organism 2 LEU SER ASN VAL
Organism 3 ALA LEU SER GLU
Organism 4 THR LEU SER GLU
Which of these is LEAST related to the other three organisms?

(1 point)
Responses

Organism 1
Organism 1

Organism 2
Organism 2

Organism 3
Organism 3

Organism 4
Organism 4
Question 3
The relationships among different orders of millipedes are shown in the cladogram.

Based on this cladogram, which statement best describes relationships among millipede orders?

(1 point)
Responses

Stemmiulida is more closely related to Merocheta than Penicillata is to Merocheta.
Stemmiulida is more closely related to Merocheta than Penicillata is to Merocheta.

Spirostreptida is more closely related to Glomerida than Sphaerotheriida is to Glomerida.
Spirostreptida is more closely related to Glomerida than Sphaerotheriida is to Glomerida.

Polyzoniida is more closely related to Glomeridesmida than Sphaerotheriida is to Glomeridesmida.
Polyzoniida is more closely related to Glomeridesmida than Sphaerotheriida is to Glomeridesmida.

Merocheta is more closely related to Glomeridesmida than Glomerida is to Glomeridesmida.
Merocheta is more closely related to Glomeridesmida than Glomerida is to Glomeridesmida.
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Answer 1

Here are the answers and explanations for each question based on the information provided:

Question 1: Which statement is supported by this cladogram? Correct answer: Hippopotamuses are more closely related to cows than to javelinas.

Explanation: The cladogram depicts evolutionary relationships based on shared homologous structures. If hippopotamuses are grouped closer to cows than to javelinas, this implies that hippos and cows share a more recent common ancestor than hippos do with javelinas.

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Question 2: Which of these is LEAST related to the other three organisms? Correct answer: Organism 2

Explanation: The amino acid sequence for Organism 2 (LEU SER ASN VAL) contains an ASN that does not match with the other organisms (which have SER, LEU, GLU). Thus, it is the least related based on the given sequences.

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Question 3: Based on this cladogram, which statement best describes relationships among millipede orders? Correct answer: Spirostreptida is more closely related to Glomerida than Sphaerotheriida is to Glomerida.

Explanation: The relationships indicated in the cladogram would be based on the branching pattern. If Spirostreptida and Glomerida share a more recent common ancestor than Sphaerotheriida does with Glomerida, this statement is supported.

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If you have the actual cladograms or more specific information, please share them for even more accurate conclusions.