Ancient Greece had a system of government known as democracy, where power was held by the citizens of the city-state. The main principles of Ancient Greek democracy included the idea of equality among citizens, participatory decision-making, and the rule of law. In contrast, Ancient Rome had a republican form of government, where power was held by elected officials and a system of checks and balances existed to prevent any one individual from gaining too much power. The main principles of Ancient Roman republicanism included the idea of representation, the separation of powers, and the protection of individual rights.
One source for this information is the book "The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Democracy and the Roman Republic" edited by Ryan K. Balot.
Comparison for Ancient Greece & Ancient Rome
Government: What was the structure and what were the main principles of each civilization's government?
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According to History.com, in Ancient Greece, the structure of government was a direct democracy where citizens actively participated in decision-making, while Ancient Rome had a republican government with elected officials and a system of checks and balances to prevent tyranny.
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