Compare the sink and the source cells , provide examples for each

Answer 1

Sink cells are cells that consume or utilize resources, while source cells are cells that produce or provide resources.

Examples of sink cells:
1. Muscle cells: Muscle cells require a constant supply of nutrients and oxygen to contract and function properly. They consume glucose molecules and oxygen to produce energy for muscle contractions.
2. Neurons: Neurons require a constant supply of glucose and oxygen to generate and transmit electrical signals. They consume glucose molecules and oxygen to produce ATP for their energy needs.
3. Liver cells: Liver cells play a crucial role in detoxification and metabolism. They consume amino acids to synthesize proteins, utilize glucose to produce glycogen, and use fatty acids to synthesize lipids.
4. Pancreatic beta cells: These cells are responsible for producing insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Pancreatic beta cells are considered sink cells as they consume glucose and amino acids to synthesize and secrete insulin.

Examples of source cells:
1. Green plant cells: Chloroplasts in plant cells undergo photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose and oxygen gas. They are a significant source of glucose for the plant.
2. Photosynthetic algae: Similar to green plant cells, photosynthetic algae cells capture light energy and convert it into glucose and oxygen through photosynthesis.
3. Adipocytes: Adipose or fat cells store excess energy in the form of triglycerides. These cells break down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol, providing a source of energy during times of fasting or intense physical exertion.
4. Exocrine cells in the pancreas: These cells produce digestive enzymes, such as amylase, lipase, and protease, which help in the breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins in the digestive system. They act as a source of enzymes required for digestion.