Viruses and bacteria are both microorganisms, but they differ significantly in structure and function. Bacteria are single-celled organisms that have a cellular structure, including a cell wall and the ability to metabolize nutrients, reproduce independently, and respond to their environment. In contrast, viruses are much smaller and consist of genetic material (either DNA or RNA) encased in a protein coat; they lack cellular structure and cannot carry out metabolic processes or reproduce on their own, requiring a host cell to replicate. Most scientists argue that viruses are not considered living things because they do not exhibit characteristics of life, such as independent metabolism, growth, and reproduction, and they can only propagate by hijacking the cellular machinery of living organisms.
Compare and contrast the traits of viruses and bacteria. Why do most scientists argue that a virus is not considered a living thing? Explain your answer in 3–5 sentences
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