Compare and contrast observational studies and experiments. Give 1 similarity and 2 differences. (1 pt each).

Answer 1

Similarity: Both observational studies and experiments aim to investigate relationships between variables and enhance understanding of a particular phenomenon.

Differences:

1. Control over Variables:

   • In experiments, researchers manipulate one or more independent variables to observe the effects on a dependent variable, allowing for greater control and the ability to establish causal relationships.
   • In observational studies, researchers do not manipulate variables but rather observe participants in their natural settings, which limits the ability to infer causation.

2. Randomization:

   • Experiments often involve random assignment of participants to different treatment groups to minimize bias and confounding variables.
   • Observational studies do not typically use random assignment, which can lead to potential selection bias and confounding factors affecting the results.