Climate change refers to significant changes in global temperatures and weather patterns over an extended period of time, typically decades to millions of years.
b. Human activities can damage the environment. i. The release of greenhouse gases influences the global climate.
c. The average temperature on Earth has increased rapidly over the past 50 years.
d. Causes of climate change: i. Greenhouse gases:
- Increased levels of CO2, methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) trap heat in the atmosphere.
- These gases are naturally occurring and good insulators – necessary to buffer the temperature of Earth’s surface to support life.
- 82% of greenhouse gases derive from human activities.
ii. Where does this come from?
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Agricultural emissions, particularly from livestock, account for 9% of greenhouse gases.
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Methane is much more potent as an insulator compared to CO2.
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Key sources include:
- Industry and agriculture (cattle ranching).
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Deforestation and land use changes lead to reductions in the Earth’s capacity to absorb CO2.
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Example: Clearing forests for agriculture and urban development.
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Release of pollutants and greenhouse gases occurs from several activities.
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Example: Manufacturing processes and energy production.
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