Choose whether each statement below is true or false.

Question

The particles in a substance are closest together when there is less energy.
The state of matter of a substance can be changed by decreasing or increasing the temperature.
The motion of a the particles in a substance and the temperature of that substance are directly related.
As the energy and temperature of a substance increase, the movement of the particles decreases.

Answer 1

Let’s evaluate each statement:

1. The particles in a substance are closest together when there is less energy.
   True. In a solid state, where particles have the least amount of energy, they are closest together. As energy increases, particles move further apart, especially in liquids and gases.

2. The state of matter of a substance can be changed by decreasing or increasing the temperature.
   True. Changing the temperature can lead to phase changes (e.g., solid to liquid or liquid to gas) depending on the energy level of the particles.

3. The motion of the particles in a substance and the temperature of that substance are directly related.
   True. As temperature increases, the energy of the particles increases, causing them to move more vigorously. Conversely, lower temperatures result in less motion.

4. As the energy and temperature of a substance increase, the movement of the particles decreases.
   False. This statement contradicts the relationship between temperature, energy, and particle motion. As energy and temperature increase, particle movement actually increases.

In summary:

1. True
2. True
3. True
4. False