Choose the statement that best summarizes the causes and effects of the expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate.(1 point)

Question

Responses which answer is correct and why

Because of leadership changes and military conquest, the Umayyad Caliphate expanded to Syria and centralized Islamic power.
Because of leadership changes and military conquest, the Umayyad Caliphate expanded to Syria and centralized Islamic power.

Because of political revolts over who the true Islamic leader should be, the Umayyad Caliphate expanded to the Arabian Peninsula and centralized Islamic power.
Because of political revolts over who the true Islamic leader should be, the Umayyad Caliphate expanded to the Arabian Peninsula and centralized Islamic power.

Because of the flourishing culture of the caliphate before the Umayyad Caliphate, it expanded into Syria and developed the Islamic Golden Era.
Because of the flourishing culture of the caliphate before the Umayyad Caliphate, it expanded into Syria and developed the Islamic Golden Era.

Because of leadership changes and military conquest, the Umayyad Caliphate expanded to Iraq and centralized Islamic power.

Answer 1

The statement that best summarizes the causes and effects of the expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate is:

"Because of leadership changes and military conquest, the Umayyad Caliphate expanded to Syria and centralized Islamic power."

Reasoning:

1. Leadership Changes: The Umayyad Caliphate came to power after the Rashidun Caliphate, and their rise involved significant political changes and consolidations of power. This led to discussions about authority and legitimacy within the Islamic community.

2. Military Conquest: The Umayyads are known for their military campaigns that significantly expanded the territory of the Islamic Caliphate, including the conquest of Syria, which became a crucial part of their empire.

3. Centralization of Power: The expansion helped to centralize Islamic governance under the Umayyads, as they established capitals (like Damascus) and administrative structures to manage the vast territories they controlled.

In contrast, the other statements either misplace the geographical focus of the expansion (like the Arabian Peninsula or Iraq) or inaccurately attribute the causes to cultural flourishing before the Umayyads instead of leadership and military actions. Thus, the selected answer best encapsulates the key elements related to the Umayyad Caliphate’s expansion.