Charles Darwin noticed that finches on different islands of the Galápagos Islands were similar but that their beaks were different. What explanation for these differences did he propose?
Geospiza_beaks_630caab6662f2.jpg
a
The beaks of the finches are adapted to the way the bird usually gets food.
b
Beak size is related to the size of the finch.
c
The different beaks of the finches would one day evolve into identical beaks.
51 answers
a The beaks of the finches are adapted to the way the bird usually gets food.
How does an entire population become adapted to its environment?
a
Individuals develop changes during their lifetime and pass good changes to their offspring.
b
Traits that help individuals survive and reproduce become more common in the population over successive generations.
c
A population chooses which traits will help it survive.
d
Each new variation becomes an adaptation as the organisms learn to use it.
a
Individuals develop changes during their lifetime and pass good changes to their offspring.
b
Traits that help individuals survive and reproduce become more common in the population over successive generations.
c
A population chooses which traits will help it survive.
d
Each new variation becomes an adaptation as the organisms learn to use it.
b Traits that help individuals survive and reproduce become more common in the population over successive generations.
Match each definition in the first column with the correct word in the second column.
Column A
1.
fossil:
fossil
2.
evolution:
evolution
3.
diversity:
diversity
4.
extinction:
extinction
5.
natural selection:
natural selection
Column B
a. the change in an organism over time
b. the solidified remains or imprints of a once-living organism
c. the process by which individuals that are better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others
d. a measure of the number of species an area contains
e. the disappearance of ALL members of a species from Earth
Column A
1.
fossil:
fossil
2.
evolution:
evolution
3.
diversity:
diversity
4.
extinction:
extinction
5.
natural selection:
natural selection
Column B
a. the change in an organism over time
b. the solidified remains or imprints of a once-living organism
c. the process by which individuals that are better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others
d. a measure of the number of species an area contains
e. the disappearance of ALL members of a species from Earth
Column A
1. fossil: b. the solidified remains or imprints of a once-living organism
2. evolution: a. the change in an organism over time
3. diversity: d. a measure of the number of species an area contains
4. extinction: e. the disappearance of ALL members of a species from Earth
5. natural selection: c. the process by which individuals that are better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others
1. fossil: b. the solidified remains or imprints of a once-living organism
2. evolution: a. the change in an organism over time
3. diversity: d. a measure of the number of species an area contains
4. extinction: e. the disappearance of ALL members of a species from Earth
5. natural selection: c. the process by which individuals that are better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others
Watch, "Charles Darwin- The Theory of Natural Selection" and choose the correct term that refers to the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?
a
variation
b
overproduction
c
natural selection
d
competition
a
variation
b
overproduction
c
natural selection
d
competition
c natural selection
When humans burn fossil fuels a huge amount of carbon dioxide is released into the _________ and the rest becomes dissolved in the ocean.
a
cryosphere
b
geosphere
c
atmosphere
d
hydrosphere
a
cryosphere
b
geosphere
c
atmosphere
d
hydrosphere
c atmosphere
Watch, "What are Earth's Systems?" and match the descriptions that describe the correct earth system.
Column A
1.
hydrosphere:
hydrosphere
2.
lithosphere:
lithosphere
3.
biosphere:
biosphere
4.
cryosphere:
cryosphere
Column B
a. composted of all the liquid water on or near the earth
b. composed of the frozen parts of the planet that includes snow and ice on land, ice caps, glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice
c. composed of all living things
d. the outer layer of Earth, composed of the crust and the upper mantle
Column A
1.
hydrosphere:
hydrosphere
2.
lithosphere:
lithosphere
3.
biosphere:
biosphere
4.
cryosphere:
cryosphere
Column B
a. composted of all the liquid water on or near the earth
b. composed of the frozen parts of the planet that includes snow and ice on land, ice caps, glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice
c. composed of all living things
d. the outer layer of Earth, composed of the crust and the upper mantle
Column A
1. hydrosphere: a. composed of all the liquid water on or near the earth
2. lithosphere: d. the outer layer of Earth, composed of the crust and the upper mantle
3. biosphere: c. composed of all living things
4. cryosphere: b. composed of the frozen parts of the planet that includes snow and ice on land, ice caps, glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice
1. hydrosphere: a. composed of all the liquid water on or near the earth
2. lithosphere: d. the outer layer of Earth, composed of the crust and the upper mantle
3. biosphere: c. composed of all living things
4. cryosphere: b. composed of the frozen parts of the planet that includes snow and ice on land, ice caps, glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice
The Earth's atmosphere is up to 10,000 km high.
The troposphere extends from...
a
the Earth's surface to up to 690 km high
b
the Earth's surface to 10,000 km high
c
the Earth's surface to up to 85 km high
d
the Earth's surface to up to 6-20 km high
The troposphere extends from...
a
the Earth's surface to up to 690 km high
b
the Earth's surface to 10,000 km high
c
the Earth's surface to up to 85 km high
d
the Earth's surface to up to 6-20 km high
c The Earth's surface to up to 85 km high
Watch: Earth's atmosphere : matter: physics to help answer the following questions.
What is the function of the ozone layer?
a
to keep oxygen in
b
to allow meteors to get to Earth
c
to block UV rays from getting to Earth
d
to allow UV rays to get to Earth
What is the function of the ozone layer?
a
to keep oxygen in
b
to allow meteors to get to Earth
c
to block UV rays from getting to Earth
d
to allow UV rays to get to Earth
c to block UV rays from getting to Earth
Vocabulary practice: match the following
Column A
1.
when a hypothesis is tested under controlled conditions:
when a hypothesis is tested under controlled conditions
2.
using your senses to study the world:
using your senses to study the world
3.
All of the individuals of one species living in a certain area:
All of the individuals of one species living in a certain area
4.
any individual living thing:
any individual living thing
5.
abiotic factors:
abiotic factors
6.
producer:
producer
7.
herbivore:
herbivore
Column B
a. organism
b. an organism that makes its own food
c. nonliving things
d. experiment
e. population
f. an animal that eats only plants
g. observation
Column A
1.
when a hypothesis is tested under controlled conditions:
when a hypothesis is tested under controlled conditions
2.
using your senses to study the world:
using your senses to study the world
3.
All of the individuals of one species living in a certain area:
All of the individuals of one species living in a certain area
4.
any individual living thing:
any individual living thing
5.
abiotic factors:
abiotic factors
6.
producer:
producer
7.
herbivore:
herbivore
Column B
a. organism
b. an organism that makes its own food
c. nonliving things
d. experiment
e. population
f. an animal that eats only plants
g. observation
Column A
1. when a hypothesis is tested under controlled conditions: d. experiment
2. using your senses to study the world: g. observation
3. All of the individuals of one species living in a certain area: e. population
4. any individual living thing: a. organism
5. abiotic factors: c. nonliving things
6. producer: b. an organism that makes its own food
7. herbivore: f. an animal that eats only plants
1. when a hypothesis is tested under controlled conditions: d. experiment
2. using your senses to study the world: g. observation
3. All of the individuals of one species living in a certain area: e. population
4. any individual living thing: a. organism
5. abiotic factors: c. nonliving things
6. producer: b. an organism that makes its own food
7. herbivore: f. an animal that eats only plants
Match the following terms with their correct description.
Column A
1.
Adaptation:
Adaptation
2.
Atmosphere:
Atmosphere
3.
Biology:
Biology
4.
Dormant:
Dormant
5.
Extinct:
Extinct
6.
Geography:
Geography
Column B
a. the study of life
b. layers gases that surround a planet
c. beaches, valleys, mountains
d. when an organism goes through a process of changing to be better suited for its environment.
e. when an organism becomes inactive for a period of time
f. an animal that no longer exists on earth
Column A
1.
Adaptation:
Adaptation
2.
Atmosphere:
Atmosphere
3.
Biology:
Biology
4.
Dormant:
Dormant
5.
Extinct:
Extinct
6.
Geography:
Geography
Column B
a. the study of life
b. layers gases that surround a planet
c. beaches, valleys, mountains
d. when an organism goes through a process of changing to be better suited for its environment.
e. when an organism becomes inactive for a period of time
f. an animal that no longer exists on earth
Column A
1. Adaptation: d. when an organism goes through a process of changing to be better suited for its environment.
2. Atmosphere: b. layers gases that surround a planet
3. Biology: a. the study of life
4. Dormant: e. when an organism becomes inactive for a period of time
5. Extinct: f. an animal that no longer exists on earth
6. Geography: c. beaches, valleys, mountains
1. Adaptation: d. when an organism goes through a process of changing to be better suited for its environment.
2. Atmosphere: b. layers gases that surround a planet
3. Biology: a. the study of life
4. Dormant: e. when an organism becomes inactive for a period of time
5. Extinct: f. an animal that no longer exists on earth
6. Geography: c. beaches, valleys, mountains
Watch the video and choose all that are the reasons for extinction.
a
destruction of habitat
b
climate change
c
introduction of invasive species
d
overhunting, poaching, illegal trafficking
a
destruction of habitat
b
climate change
c
introduction of invasive species
d
overhunting, poaching, illegal trafficking
a destruction of habitat
b climate change
c introduction of invasive species
d overhunting, poaching, illegal trafficking
b climate change
c introduction of invasive species
d overhunting, poaching, illegal trafficking
What would you call a species that never lived on an island until it was brought there by people?
a
native
b
introduced
c
threatened
d
endangered
a
native
b
introduced
c
threatened
d
endangered
b introduced
All the following are threats to biodiversity EXCEPT
a
biological magnification of toxic compounds.
b
invasive species.
c
species preservation.
d
habitat fragmentation.
a
biological magnification of toxic compounds.
b
invasive species.
c
species preservation.
d
habitat fragmentation.
c species preservation.
Which of the following can reduce biodiversity?
a
divided habitats
b
introduced species
c
all of these
d
habitat loss
a
divided habitats
b
introduced species
c
all of these
d
habitat loss
c all of these
Watch this video on Biodiversity and answer the following question:
A rainforest has a high level of biodiversity because it has
a
many abiotic factors.
b
a wide variety of living things.
c
some endangered species.
d
few connections between living things.
A rainforest has a high level of biodiversity because it has
a
many abiotic factors.
b
a wide variety of living things.
c
some endangered species.
d
few connections between living things.
b a wide variety of living things.
You suggest that the presence of water could accelerate the growth of bread mold. This is a(n)
a
analysis
b
hypothesis
c
conclusion
d
experiment
a
analysis
b
hypothesis
c
conclusion
d
experiment
b hypothesis
A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test
a
a conclusion.
b
several variables.
c
a single variable.
d
a mass of information.
a
a conclusion.
b
several variables.
c
a single variable.
d
a mass of information.
c a single variable.
An experiment was designed to test the effects of nicotine on the heartbeat of mice.
Two populations of mice were bred. Both populations received water with the same mineral content, were supplied with identical amounts of the same type of food, had their temperatures maintained at 39 °C, and received the same amount of light.
Every twelve hours, mice from both populations were selected and their heart rates were monitored.
The mice of Population One had 1.0 milligram of nicotine administered 10 minutes before their heart rates were checked.
The mice of Population Two were given nothing.
What does the nicotine respresent in this experiment?
a
a constant.
b
the independent variable.
c
the dependent variable.
d
the control.
Two populations of mice were bred. Both populations received water with the same mineral content, were supplied with identical amounts of the same type of food, had their temperatures maintained at 39 °C, and received the same amount of light.
Every twelve hours, mice from both populations were selected and their heart rates were monitored.
The mice of Population One had 1.0 milligram of nicotine administered 10 minutes before their heart rates were checked.
The mice of Population Two were given nothing.
What does the nicotine respresent in this experiment?
a
a constant.
b
the independent variable.
c
the dependent variable.
d
the control.
b the independent variable.
The following statement describes a step of the scientific method. Match the sentence with a step of the scientific method listed below.
Doug fed different diets to three groups of guinea pigs. His experiment showed the guinea pigs need vitamin C and protein in their diets.
a
form a hypothesis
b
test the hypothesis
c
draw a conclusion
d
recognize the problem
Doug fed different diets to three groups of guinea pigs. His experiment showed the guinea pigs need vitamin C and protein in their diets.
a
form a hypothesis
b
test the hypothesis
c
draw a conclusion
d
recognize the problem
b test the hypothesis
Scientists use a control in an experiment in order to
a
make more than one experimental observation.
b
have a standard to compare with any changes.
c
regulate the outcome so that it fit the hypothesis.
d
record data automatically using a computer.
a
make more than one experimental observation.
b
have a standard to compare with any changes.
c
regulate the outcome so that it fit the hypothesis.
d
record data automatically using a computer.
b have a standard to compare with any changes.
Watch this video to explain the Scientific Method and match the following that correctly describes the part of the scientific method.
Column A
1.
quantitative data:
quantitative data
2.
dependent variable:
dependent variable
3.
data:
data
4.
qualitative data:
qualitative data
5.
independent variable:
independent variable
6.
constant/ control:
constant/ control
7.
hypothesis:
hypothesis
8.
theory:
theory
9.
observation:
observation
10.
experiment:
experiment
Column B
a. Using your senses to study the world.
b. Allows scientists to test a hypothesis and find out how something happens.
c. Conditions that do not change during an experiment.
d. A proposed explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results. Eventually, it is accepted as fact.
e. Changes that are measured during an experiment. These changes are the result of what is manipulated.
f. Characteristics that are descriptions based on things such as sights, sounds, and smells.
g. A condition that is manipulated, or changed, by a scientist.
h. Characteristics that can be measured or counted, such as mass, volume, and temperature.
i. A proposed answer for a scientific question.
Column A
1.
quantitative data:
quantitative data
2.
dependent variable:
dependent variable
3.
data:
data
4.
qualitative data:
qualitative data
5.
independent variable:
independent variable
6.
constant/ control:
constant/ control
7.
hypothesis:
hypothesis
8.
theory:
theory
9.
observation:
observation
10.
experiment:
experiment
Column B
a. Using your senses to study the world.
b. Allows scientists to test a hypothesis and find out how something happens.
c. Conditions that do not change during an experiment.
d. A proposed explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results. Eventually, it is accepted as fact.
e. Changes that are measured during an experiment. These changes are the result of what is manipulated.
f. Characteristics that are descriptions based on things such as sights, sounds, and smells.
g. A condition that is manipulated, or changed, by a scientist.
h. Characteristics that can be measured or counted, such as mass, volume, and temperature.
i. A proposed answer for a scientific question.
Column A
1. quantitative data: h. Characteristics that can be measured or counted, such as mass, volume, and temperature.
2. dependent variable: e. Changes that are measured during an experiment. These changes are the result of what is manipulated.
3. data: The information collected or observed during an experiment.
4. qualitative data: f. Characteristics that are descriptions based on things such as sights, sounds, and smells.
5. independent variable: g. A condition that is manipulated, or changed, by a scientist.
6. constant/ control: c. Conditions that do not change during an experiment.
7. hypothesis: i. A proposed answer for a scientific question.
8. theory: d. A proposed explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results. Eventually, it is accepted as fact.
9. observation: a. Using your senses to study the world.
10. experiment: b. Allows scientists to test a hypothesis and find out how something happens.
1. quantitative data: h. Characteristics that can be measured or counted, such as mass, volume, and temperature.
2. dependent variable: e. Changes that are measured during an experiment. These changes are the result of what is manipulated.
3. data: The information collected or observed during an experiment.
4. qualitative data: f. Characteristics that are descriptions based on things such as sights, sounds, and smells.
5. independent variable: g. A condition that is manipulated, or changed, by a scientist.
6. constant/ control: c. Conditions that do not change during an experiment.
7. hypothesis: i. A proposed answer for a scientific question.
8. theory: d. A proposed explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results. Eventually, it is accepted as fact.
9. observation: a. Using your senses to study the world.
10. experiment: b. Allows scientists to test a hypothesis and find out how something happens.
Wind is considered to be an abiotic factor because it
a
is not related to biodiversity.
b
is not in any ecosystem.
c
is a nonliving thing.
d
is in equilibrium.
a
is not related to biodiversity.
b
is not in any ecosystem.
c
is a nonliving thing.
d
is in equilibrium.
c is a nonliving thing.
Organisms blend into their environment is called?
a
camouflage
b
mimicry
c
artificial selection
d
natural selection
a
camouflage
b
mimicry
c
artificial selection
d
natural selection
a camouflage
What is the next level of organization after organism?
a
biosphere
b
ecosystem
c
cell
d
population
a
biosphere
b
ecosystem
c
cell
d
population
d population
Thinking of the hierarchy of life, match each description to the correct vocabulary word.
Column A
1.
individual:
individual
2.
population:
population
3.
community:
community
4.
ecosystem:
ecosystem
5.
biome:
biome
6.
biosphere:
biosphere
Column B
a. a honeybee flying toward the food source
b. an extremely inhospitable region with low diversity that consists of small shrubs, mosses, and lichens due to partially frozen soil and low rainfall amounts
c. a pond cohabited with aquatic and terrestrial animals, plants, including insects, fungi, and bacteria in the soil
d. all the reptiles, mammals, insects, plants, fungi that inhabit the Mohave Desert including the sand, soil, extreme temperatures , and sunlight
e. you and all classmates in Environmental Science class
f. earth
Column A
1.
individual:
individual
2.
population:
population
3.
community:
community
4.
ecosystem:
ecosystem
5.
biome:
biome
6.
biosphere:
biosphere
Column B
a. a honeybee flying toward the food source
b. an extremely inhospitable region with low diversity that consists of small shrubs, mosses, and lichens due to partially frozen soil and low rainfall amounts
c. a pond cohabited with aquatic and terrestrial animals, plants, including insects, fungi, and bacteria in the soil
d. all the reptiles, mammals, insects, plants, fungi that inhabit the Mohave Desert including the sand, soil, extreme temperatures , and sunlight
e. you and all classmates in Environmental Science class
f. earth
Column A
1. individual: e. you and all classmates in Environmental Science class
2. population: a. a honeybee flying toward the food source
3. community: c. a pond cohabited with aquatic and terrestrial animals, plants, including insects, fungi, and bacteria in the soil
4. ecosystem: d. all the reptiles, mammals, insects, plants, fungi that inhabit the Mohave Desert including the sand, soil, extreme temperatures, and sunlight
5. biome: b. an extremely inhospitable region with low diversity that consists of small shrubs, mosses, and lichens due to partially frozen soil and low rainfall amounts
6. biosphere: f. earth
1. individual: e. you and all classmates in Environmental Science class
2. population: a. a honeybee flying toward the food source
3. community: c. a pond cohabited with aquatic and terrestrial animals, plants, including insects, fungi, and bacteria in the soil
4. ecosystem: d. all the reptiles, mammals, insects, plants, fungi that inhabit the Mohave Desert including the sand, soil, extreme temperatures, and sunlight
5. biome: b. an extremely inhospitable region with low diversity that consists of small shrubs, mosses, and lichens due to partially frozen soil and low rainfall amounts
6. biosphere: f. earth
Watch Factors in an Ecosystem: Biotic vs. Abiotic and then correctly order the levels of organization from the smallest to the largest
Reorder answers
1. individual
Reorder answers
2. biome
Reorder answers
3. population
Reorder answers
4. community
Reorder answers
5. tissue
Reorder answers
6. ecosystem
Reorder answers
7. organ
Reorder answers
8. bioshpere
Reorder answers
9. cell
Reorder answers
1. individual
Reorder answers
2. biome
Reorder answers
3. population
Reorder answers
4. community
Reorder answers
5. tissue
Reorder answers
6. ecosystem
Reorder answers
7. organ
Reorder answers
8. bioshpere
Reorder answers
9. cell
1. cell
2. tissue
3. organ
4. individual
5. population
6. community
7. ecosystem
8. biome
9. biosphere
2. tissue
3. organ
4. individual
5. population
6. community
7. ecosystem
8. biome
9. biosphere
1 answer