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Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which offspring are produced without the involvement of gametes (sex cells) from two parents. It typically involves a single parent and results in genetically identical offspring. Three features of asexual reproduction are: 1) It does not require a mate or sexual organs. 2) It allows for rapid population growth since there is no need to find a mate. 3) It maintains the favorable traits of the parent, as genetic variation is limited.
Sexual reproduction, on the other hand, involves the fusion of gametes from two parents to produce offspring. Three features of sexual reproduction are: 1) It introduces genetic variation through the mixing of genetic material from two parents. 2) It allows for adaptation to changing environments as offspring may inherit different combinations of traits from their parents. 3) It promotes the removal of harmful mutations from the population through natural selection.
In the given scenario, the genetic variation resulting from sexual reproduction can save the bird species from extinction. As the bug population, their primary food source, is wiped out by the invasive species, the birds with variations in beak size and shape may have a higher chance of survival. Some individuals may possess traits that enable them to crack the harder seeds more efficiently, allowing them to adapt to the change in food availability and sustain the population.
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Genetic variation from sexual reproduction can save this species from extinction by providing a range of beak sizes and shapes within the population, thus increasing the likelihood that some individuals have traits—like larger beaks—that are advantageous for surviving the new conditions by effectively cracking seeds, allowing them to feed, survive, and pass on their genes to future generations. Over time, this could lead to natural selection favoring individuals with larger beaks, enabling the species to adapt to the loss of bugs as a food source.
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