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C o p y r ig h t©M c G r a w -H illE d u c a t io n . P e r m is s io n is g r a n t e dt or e p r o d u c ef o r c la s s r o o mu s e . NAME DATE CLASS Guided Reading Cont. Kingdoms in Western Europe 3. Listing As you read the lesson, write important facts about each of the leaders in the chart. 4. Explaining Who were the Vikings, and why were they important in the development of Europe in the Middle Ages? 5. Describing How was the Holy Roman Empire formed? Who was Otto?Medieval Europe King ClovisCharles MartelCharlemagne

answer like a 14 year old would

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3. Listing - Important Facts about Each Leader

King Clovis

  • First king of the Franks.
  • Converted to Christianity, which helped spread the religion in Europe.
  • United many tribes under one kingdom.
  • Known for his military victories and expanding his territory.

Charles Martel

  • Known as “The Hammer” because he was a great military leader.
  • Defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Tours in 732, stopping their advance into Europe.
  • Strengthened the Frankish kingdom and laid the groundwork for his grandson's empire (Charlemagne).
  • Gave land to nobles in exchange for loyalty and soldiers.

Charlemagne

  • Grandson of Charles Martel, also known as Charles the Great.
  • Crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 800 by Pope Leo III.
  • Expanded the Frankish empire and united much of Western Europe.
  • Promoted education and cultural revival known as the Carolingian Renaissance.

4. Explaining

The Vikings were a group of seafaring people from Scandinavia (like present-day Norway, Sweden, and Denmark) who raided and explored wide areas of Europe from the late 8th to early 11th century. They were important in the development of Europe in the Middle Ages because they brought trade, established settlements, and even influenced the cultures of the areas they invaded. Their raids forced many kingdoms to strengthen their defenses and helped shape the political landscape of Europe.

5. Describing

The Holy Roman Empire was formed when Charlemagne was crowned by the Pope, which symbolized the alliance between the Frankish kingdom and the Church. This act marked the revival of the idea of a Roman Empire in the West, combining politics and religion. Otto, known as Otto the Great, was the king of Germany who expanded the Holy Roman Empire further and was also crowned emperor in 962. His leadership helped to solidify the power of the empire during the early Middle Ages.