C o p y r ig h t©M c G r a w -H illE d u c a t io n . P e r m is s io n is g r a n t e dt or e p r o d u c ef o r c la s s r o o mu s e . NAME DATE CLASS Rome and the Rise of Christianity Guided Reading Cont. 3. Determining Cause and Effect Many factors contributed to the division of Christianity into the Roman Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches. As you read the text, list the factors that caused this split. Christianity Splits into Two Factors Causing the Split Roman Catholic Church Eastern Orthodox Church

Answer 1

Christianity Splits into Two

Factors Causing the Split

| Factor | Roman Catholic Church | Eastern Orthodox Church | |------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------| | 1. Cultural Differences | Latin-speaking Western Empire | Greek-speaking Eastern Empire | | 2. Leadership Disputes | Pope as the supreme authority | Patriarchs and bishops with authority distributed | | 3. Theological Differences| Emphasis on the authority of the Pope and doctrines such as purgatory | Acceptance of the first seven ecumenical councils' decisions, differing views on original sin | | 4. Ritual Practices | Use of unleavened bread in Communion | Use of leavened bread in Communion | | 5. Political Factors | Ties with the Western Roman Empire | Connections with the Byzantine Empire | | 6. The Great Schism (1054)| Excommunication of the Patriarch of Constantinople | Excommunication of the Pope and his followers | | 7. Iconoclasm Controversy| Support for the veneration of icons | Opposition to the veneration of icons and images |

This table summarizes key factors that led to the division between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. Each factor had its unique impacts on religious practices, authority structures, and cultural developments in Christianity.