Scientific Management Theory, developed by Frederick W. Taylor in the early 20th century, focuses on optimizing and improving labor productivity through systematic studies and analysis of workflows. The main principles of this theory include:
- Scientific Analysis of Work: Tasks should be studied scientifically to determine the most efficient way to perform them.
- Standardization: Establishing standardized procedures and processes for tasks to ensure consistency and efficiency.
- Specialization: Workers should specialize in specific tasks to enhance their skills and efficiency.
- Training and Development: Workers should be trained to perform their tasks in the most efficient way possible, using the best methods identified through scientific study.
- Performance-Based Pay: Employees should be compensated based on their output and productivity levels to incentivize higher performance.
Overall, Scientific Management emphasizes efficiency, productivity, and a systematic approach to management, aiming to improve organizational effectiveness by applying scientific principles to work processes.