The processes and systems of government in Papua New Guinea (PNG) are structured around a parliamentary democracy, characterized by several key components:
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Constitution: PNG operates under a constitution established in 1975, which outlines the structure of government, rights of citizens, and the rule of law.
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Executive Branch: The executive branch is headed by the Prime Minister, who is elected by members of parliament. The Prime Minister appoints a Cabinet, which is responsible for implementing laws and policies.
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Legislative Branch: PNG's parliament is a unicameral body, known as the National Parliament, consisting of 111 members elected for five-year terms. It is responsible for making laws, approving budgets, and scrutinizing the actions of the executive.
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Judicial Branch: The judiciary is independent and interprets and applies the law. The highest court is the Supreme Court, which oversees lower courts and ensures the constitutionality of laws.
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Electoral System: PNG uses a limited preferential voting system, facilitating multi-candidate elections while allowing voters to rank candidates in order of preference.
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Decentralization: PNG has a decentralized governance structure, with provincial and local governments responsible for certain services and administration, allowing for localized decision-making.
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Cultural and Social Considerations: The government recognizes the cultural diversity of its population, incorporating traditional governance systems into the formal structure to address local needs and customs.
These systems are designed to ensure representation and accountability while navigating the challenges posed by Papua New Guinea's diverse society and geography.
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