Both primary and secondary succession have pioneer species that-??

Question

A--change an area to make it safer from predatory organisms
B--invade the area so that new organisms cannot be established
C--modify the areas to allow larger, more complex organisms to appear
D--use up all the existing resources and prevent the establishment of non-native species

Answer 1

here
There are two types of succession. The first is primary succession. ... The first organisms to appear in areas of primary succession are often mosses or lichens. These organisms are known as pioneer species because they are the first species present; pioneer species must be hardy and strong, just like human pioneers.

Answer 2

all u did was look it up I tried that already but what the answer a b c or d

Answer 3

the answer is , i think, D

Answer 4

mk ty