Based on the novel/play “death of a salesman” by Arthur Miller, write an essay to discuss how the title “Death of a salesman” (and Loman’s death) can be read as a metaphors of the cruelty of America’s neoliberal capitalist system.

Answer 1

Title: The Metaphorical Cruelty of America's Capitalist System in "Death of a Salesman"

Introduction:
Arthur Miller's renowned play "Death of a Salesman" delves into the life of Willy Loman, a disillusioned salesman who struggles to find success and fulfillment within the rigid confines of America's neoliberal capitalist system. The title itself, "Death of a Salesman," extends beyond the literal death of Loman and serves as a powerful metaphor that critiques the dehumanizing consequences of this economic system. This essay explores how Loman's demise symbolizes the inherent cruelty of America's neoliberal capitalist system, illuminating the struggles and tragedies faced by countless individuals striving to achieve the elusive American Dream.

I. Loman's Struggle for Success
Willy Loman, the play's tragic protagonist, personifies the American Dream, consistently chasing financial prosperity, social status, and material wealth. Loman believes that the key to achieving these goals lies in conforming to the norms set by the capitalist system, valuing personal charisma, appearance, and salesmanship over sincerity and human connection. As Loman fails to climb the social ladder and fulfill these expectations, he becomes increasingly disenchanted, with his worth and identity eroded by the system's ruthless demand for constant achievement.

II. The Illusion of the American Dream
Miller masterfully exposes the illusionary nature of the American Dream by revealing the detrimental effects it has on individuals like Loman. Success and happiness are consistently equated with financial prosperity, causing Loman to fixate on the accumulation of wealth as his measure of self-worth and happiness. This narrow definition imposed by the capitalist system blinds individuals to the importance of personal fulfillment, genuine relationships, and self-actualization. Loman's ultimate failure, both personally and professionally, serves as a harrowing reminder of the system's inability to provide true contentment, despite its alluring promises.

III. The Dehumanizing Nature of Capitalism
Neoliberal capitalism, as represented in Loman's life, strips individuals of their intrinsic value, reducing them to mere commodities in the pursuit of profit. Loman's experiences paint a somber picture of a society that values workers solely for their economic productivity, disregarding their emotional well-being. His grueling work schedule, constant pressure to outperform, and lack of financial stability exemplify the exploitative nature of capitalism. In his ruthless pursuit of success, Loman is isolated from meaningful relationships and stripped of his dignity, ultimately leading to his mental and emotional demise.

IV. The Tragic Nature of Willy Loman's Death
The death of Willy Loman must not be read solely as the demise of an individual character; it encompasses a larger critique of the capitalist system. Loman's suicide serves as a tragic culmination of the cruelty inflicted upon individuals by a society that prioritizes profit and economic success over their well-being. Through this metaphorical death, Miller highlights the imperative need to rethink the values ingrained in America's neoliberal capitalist system.

Conclusion:
In Arthur Miller's "Death of a Salesman," the title itself serves as a metaphorical critique of America's neoliberal capitalist system and its pervasive cruelty. Loman's struggle to achieve his version of the American Dream underscores the illusionary nature of material success and the emotional toll it exacts on individuals. Loman's death encapsulates the tragic consequences of a capitalist system that devalues human lives in favor of profit. By critically examining the struggles faced by Loman, this play prompts us to reevaluate the values of our society and seek a more compassionate and equitable alternative to the existing neoliberal capitalist model.