Water can contain a variety of impurities, which can be broadly categorized into several types. Here are four common types of impurities that can be found in water:
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Biological Contaminants: These include microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, algae, and protozoa. Examples are E. coli and Giardia, which can cause waterborne diseases.
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Chemical Contaminants: This group includes a wide range of substances like pesticides, heavy metals (such as lead and mercury), and industrial chemicals. These contaminants can originate from agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, or corroded plumbing.
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Physical Impurities: These refer to particulate matter such as silt, sand, and organic debris. These impurities can affect the clarity and aesthetic quality of water.
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Dissolved Solids: This category includes salts and minerals such as sodium, calcium, bicarbonates, and sulfates. High concentrations of dissolved solids can affect water taste and quality.
These impurities can originate from various sources, including industrial activities, agricultural practices, and natural processes, impacting both water quality and safety.