b. For someone with the condition described above ( respiratory acidosis) predict their arterial blood pH value, the arterial blood Pco2 value, and their arterial blood bicarbonate value. (high? low? normal?)

Answer 1

In respiratory acidosis, the primary issue is an accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) due to inadequate ventilation, which results in a decreased pH of the blood. Here’s what you would typically expect for arterial blood gas values in a respiratory acidosis scenario:

1. Arterial Blood pH:

   • Prediction: Low
   • Expected range: Typically below 7.35, indicating acidosis.

2. Arterial Blood Pco2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide):

   • Prediction: High
   • Expected range: Elevated, usually greater than 45 mmHg, reflecting the retention of CO2.

3. Arterial Blood Bicarbonate (HCO3-):

   • Prediction: Can be normal or slightly elevated
   • Expected range: If the respiratory acidosis is acute, the bicarbonate level may remain normal (around 24 mEq/L). However, if the respiratory acidosis is chronic, the kidneys may retain bicarbonate to compensate for the acidosis, leading to a higher bicarbonate level (greater than 26 mEq/L).

So in summary:

• pH: Low (acidic)
• Pco2: High
• Bicarbonate: Normal (acute) or elevated (chronic)

It's important to analyze these values collectively and consider clinical context for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.