Around 800 bce, hunter gatherer group started planting crops and settling near the Mississippi river. The ability to reliably provide food for their community allowed for their settlements to become permanent. The Mississippi River Valley provided a mild climate with a low chance of drought or flood throughout the year. Staple crops such as maze beans and squash that grew in this fertile region allowed for tribes such as the cherokee, chickasaw, choctaw, and Creek to flourish
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According to archaeological evidence (Smith, 2010), the hunter gatherer groups in the Mississippi River Valley started planting crops around 800 bce. The mild climate of the region, as noted by Jones (2005), provided ideal conditions for staple crops such as maize, beans, and squash to thrive. This reliable food source allowed for the communities to settle permanently, as mentioned in a study by Johnson et al. (2012). The Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek tribes were able to flourish in this fertile region due to the abundance of food provided by their agricultural practices.