While the idea of providing free education at all levels is laudable, there are several arguments against prioritizing free tertiary education over primary and basic education in Zambia:
1. Foundation of Learning
Primary and basic education serves as the foundation for all subsequent learning. By focusing on tertiary education, the government risks neglecting foundational skills such as literacy, numeracy, and critical thinking, which are essential for success in higher education and beyond. Without a strong base, students may struggle in tertiary institutions, leading to high dropout rates and wasted resources.
2. Equity and Access
In Zambia, many children still lack access to quality primary and basic education. Investing in these levels ensures that all children, regardless of their socio-economic background, have the opportunity to receive a fundamental education. If resources are diverted to tertiary education, it may exacerbate existing inequalities and leave vulnerable populations behind.
3. Economic Considerations
Free tertiary education may disproportionately benefit those who are already more advantaged, as they are more likely to access and complete higher education. By focusing on primary education, the government can ensure that a broader segment of the population is educated, contributing to a more skilled workforce and supporting long-term economic growth.
4. Immediate Needs
Zambia faces critical challenges such as poverty, unemployment, and health issues. Investing in primary education has more immediate benefits, such as improving health literacy and community engagement, that can help address these pressing social issues. Educated individuals are better equipped to make informed decisions, leading to improved health and economic outcomes for their communities.
5. Prevention of Future Problems
Without a solid grounding in primary education, many young people may fall into cycles of poverty, crime, and unemployment. Prioritizing and ensuring that all children receive a quality primary education can mitigate these issues and foster a more educated, productive populace in the long run. A lack of basic education can lead to challenges in adulthood that are more difficult and costly to address later.
6. Teacher Shortages and Resource Allocation
Focusing on tertiary education could strain already limited resources, including qualified teachers, funding, and infrastructure. Investing in primary and basic education can help build a stronger educational system by training more teachers and improving facilities, ultimately benefiting the entire education sector, including tertiary institutions.
Conclusion
While free tertiary education can enhance opportunities for those who have already completed secondary education, it is critical that Zambia prioritize free primary and basic education. By doing so, the country can ensure that all children have the foundational skills necessary for lifelong learning and contribute to the nation’s social and economic development. Ultimately, a balanced approach to education funding that prioritizes early education can lead to a more inclusive and prosperous society.