The area in the atmosphere over Antarctica that was created due to the output of greenhouse gases is commonly referred to as the "ozone hole." The ozone layer, located in the stratosphere, is responsible for shielding the Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, certain human-made chemicals, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), used in aerosols, refrigerants, and solvents, were found to be depleting the ozone layer.
The release of these greenhouse gases led to the formation of the ozone hole mainly over Antarctica, although smaller ozone holes were also observed over other regions. The area developed during the Southern Hemisphere spring (September to November) when polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) form due to extremely cold temperatures. These clouds provide a surface for chemical reactions that break down ozone molecules, causing the depletion of the ozone layer.
Since the discovery of the ozone hole in the 1980s, significant international efforts, such as the Montreal Protocol in 1987, have been made to regulate and reduce the use of ozone-depleting substances. As a result, the production and consumption of these gases have been phased out or significantly decreased over time.
Consequently, the ozone hole over Antarctica has shown signs of recovery, and its size has been gradually shrinking. The reduction in the use of ozone-depleting substances has allowed the stratospheric ozone layer to naturally replenish itself, leading to the healing of the ozone hole. However, it is essential to continuously monitor and mitigate the release of harmful gases to ensure the complete recovery of the ozone layer and to prevent future ozone depletion events.
Area in the atmosphere over Antarctica that was created due to the output of greenhouse gases. It is now shrinking due to decreased use of these gases.
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