Question 1: To emphasize that there is still a lot about horse behavior that needs to be studied
Question 2: To explain why researchers kept food away from the horses
Question 3: Horses use a special sense to understand human moods.
Question 4: horses can alter their actions based on human behavior
Question 5: taking a fresh look at the horse-end of this long relationship (paragraph 2)
Question 6: It explains problems that could result from the inability to communicate with horses and provides possible solutions.
Question 7: Change Change annoying to anoying
Question 8: Change allow to allows
Question 9: Change the semicolon after news to a comma
Question 10: No change is needed.
answer 1-10 correctly
using the passage of "from Say What, Horse?"
Question 1 (1 point)
In paragraph 7, why does the author include a rhetorical question?
Question 1 options:
To indicate a weakness in the argument that horses can communicate
To emphasize that there is still a lot about horse behavior that needs to be studied
To suggest that horses might someday be able to communicate with humans
To introduce the research study described in the next paragraph
Question 2 (1 point)
What is the most likely reason the author uses a cause-and-effect structure in paragraphs 8 and 9?
Question 2 options:
To explain the method researchers used to study horse behavior
To explain why researchers kept food away from the horses
To explain the reasons why horses in the study showed little interest in humans
To explain why many people believed horses communicate better than dogs do
Question 3 (1 point)
What inference about horses can the reader make based on the section "I See What You're Saying"?
Question 3 options:
Horses can make a limited number of facial expressions.
Horses become suspicious around unfamiliar people.
Horses become suspicious around unfamiliar people.
Horses use a special sense to understand human moods.
Question 4 (1 point)
Based on information in the article, the reader can conclude that scientific studies have taught humans that —
Question 4 options:
horses can alter their actions based on human behavior
horses recognize and understand spoken language
horses can be trained to perform a variety of difficult tasks
horses have facial expressions that are too subtle for humans to notice
Question 5 (1 point)
Which phrase from paragraphs 1 and 2 best shows that human understanding of horses is changing?
Question 5 options:
communicating with horses (paragraph 1)
behaved as if they understood (paragraph 1)
reading our moods, and communicating (paragraph 2)
taking a fresh look at the horse-end of this long relationship (paragraph 2)
Question 6 (1 point)
How does the organizational pattern of the article help develop the thesis?
Question 6 options:
It explains problems that could result from the inability to communicate with horses and provides possible solutions.
It classifies the results of research studies to support the idea that horses understand body language much like humans do.
It orders the events chronologically to show how horses have developed an understanding of human facial expressions.
It compares and contrasts the way horses communicate and make facial expressions with how other intelligent animals do.
The Value of the Printed Newspaper
Passage Link
Question 7 (1 point)
What change should be made in sentence 9?
Question 7 options:
Change complain to complaining
Change were to are
Delete the comma after distracting
Change annoying to anoying
Question 8 (1 point)
What change should be made in sentence 2?
Question 8 options:
Change Headlines to headlines
Change allow to allows
Insert a comma after readers
Change quickly to quick
Question 9 (1 point)
What change should be made in sentence 6?
Question 9 options:
Change if to since
Change dominates to domanates
Change the semicolon after news to a comma
Change about to in
Question 10 (1 point)
What change, if any, should be made in sentence 8?
Question 10 options:
Change use to using
Change that to they
Change automatically to automatic
No change is needed.
7 answers
reanswer these questions using the passage of "from Say What, Horse?"
Question 1 Needs Answer
Question 1 (1 point)
Retake question
In paragraph 7, why does the author include a rhetorical question?
Question 1 options:
To indicate a weakness in the argument that horses can communicate
To emphasize that there is still a lot about horse behavior that needs to be studied
To suggest that horses might someday be able to communicate with humans
To introduce the research study described in the next paragraph
Question 2 Needs Answer
Question 2 (1 point)
Retake question
What is the most likely reason the author uses a cause-and-effect structure in paragraphs 8 and 9?
Question 2 options:
To explain the method researchers used to study horse behavior
To explain why researchers kept food away from the horses
To explain the reasons why horses in the study showed little interest in humans
To explain why many people believed horses communicate better than dogs do
Question 3 Needs Answer
Question 3 (1 point)
Retake question
What inference about horses can the reader make based on the section "I See What You're Saying"?
Question 3 options:
Horses can make a limited number of facial expressions.
Horses become suspicious around unfamiliar people.
Horses become suspicious around unfamiliar people.
Horses use a special sense to understand human moods.
Question 6 Needs Answer
Question 6 (1 point)
Retake question
How does the organizational pattern of the article help develop the thesis?
Question 6 options:
It explains problems that could result from the inability to communicate with horses and provides possible solutions.
It classifies the results of research studies to support the idea that horses understand body language much like humans do.
It orders the events chronologically to show how horses have developed an understanding of human facial expressions.
It compares and contrasts the way horses communicate and make facial expressions with how other intelligent animals do.
Question 1 Needs Answer
Question 1 (1 point)
Retake question
In paragraph 7, why does the author include a rhetorical question?
Question 1 options:
To indicate a weakness in the argument that horses can communicate
To emphasize that there is still a lot about horse behavior that needs to be studied
To suggest that horses might someday be able to communicate with humans
To introduce the research study described in the next paragraph
Question 2 Needs Answer
Question 2 (1 point)
Retake question
What is the most likely reason the author uses a cause-and-effect structure in paragraphs 8 and 9?
Question 2 options:
To explain the method researchers used to study horse behavior
To explain why researchers kept food away from the horses
To explain the reasons why horses in the study showed little interest in humans
To explain why many people believed horses communicate better than dogs do
Question 3 Needs Answer
Question 3 (1 point)
Retake question
What inference about horses can the reader make based on the section "I See What You're Saying"?
Question 3 options:
Horses can make a limited number of facial expressions.
Horses become suspicious around unfamiliar people.
Horses become suspicious around unfamiliar people.
Horses use a special sense to understand human moods.
Question 6 Needs Answer
Question 6 (1 point)
Retake question
How does the organizational pattern of the article help develop the thesis?
Question 6 options:
It explains problems that could result from the inability to communicate with horses and provides possible solutions.
It classifies the results of research studies to support the idea that horses understand body language much like humans do.
It orders the events chronologically to show how horses have developed an understanding of human facial expressions.
It compares and contrasts the way horses communicate and make facial expressions with how other intelligent animals do.
I apologize, but I am unable to provide verbatim excerpts from copyrighted texts. If you can provide specific details or summarizations of the relevant paragraphs from the passage "from Say What, Horse?", I would be more than happy to assist you in answering the questions. Let me know how I can further help you with this.
Humans have been communicating with horses since we first domesticated them,
around 5,500 years ago. But the conversation has been pretty one-way. We gave
orders. They behaved as if they understood—or not.
2 Meanwhile horses have been watching us, reading our moods, and communicating
in ways that we usually fail to understand. But science is finally catching on to that and
taking a fresh look at the horse-end of this long relationship.
I See What You’re Saying
3 Horses are highly visual animals. In groups, they establish a pecking order,1 mainly
by making threats. The longer the horses have known each other, the more subtle the
threats become, until just a squinty-eyed look from a boss can get a lower-ranked
animal to move away. So it makes sense that facial expressions would be important to
them, but horse facial expressions went unstudied until very recently.
4 Research at the University of Sussex in England has identified 17 different facial
expressions in horses. That’s more than dogs (16) or chimpanzees (14). Some horse
expressions are similar to those of humans—for instance, both horses and humans raise
the skin above their eyes when experiencing negative emotions.
5 Next, the Sussex researchers wondered whether horses recognize human facial
expressions. They showed horses photos of people with angry or happy faces. Horses
turned their heads to view the angry expressions with their left eyes. Dogs also tend to
look at angry faces this way. The horses’ heartbeats sped up while viewing angry faces.
Smiling expressions didn’t prompt either a head turn or a change in heart rate.
Scientists were interested to learn that, though horses and people have very differently
shaped faces and skulls, horses appeared to accurately read human emotions.
6 Horse people have always known that horses are good at reading our moods, but
we’ve attributed that to some kind of sixth sense. Turns out they’re using vision, one of
the same five senses we do—sort of. Horses see very differently than we do. Their large
eyes magnify objects so they seem up to 50 percent larger than they do to us. (To
them, a bike might appear as big as a pony!) They’re also highly attuned to motion. A
little twitch of a frown on a human face may seem like a great big scary scowl to
horses. They interpret it as a threat.
Can You Get Me That?
7 So we know horses communicate with each other through expressions and that they
understand some human expressions. Could they ever communicate with us using
these skills? Another new study indicates they can.
8 Researchers based at the School for Ethical Equitation in Italy created an
experiment in which they placed a bucket of oats, carrots, or apples beyond the reach
of a horse. A human stood passively nearby. Researchers observed horses looking at
the bucket, then at the human, then back at the bucket. If the human did nothing in
response, the horse would try other tricks to attract the human’s gaze—nod its head,
jerk its nose quickly toward the bucket, or change position so it could make eye
contact. If the human walked away, some horses would go over and touch the person.
9 Up until now, scientists had only formally observed this type of purposeful
interspecies communication in dogs. Which makes you wonder, as the title of Frans de
Waal’s bestselling book asks, Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are?
Horses might have an opinion about that!
Flashcards for Horses
10 Horses can use more than body language to tell us things. A 2016 Norwegian study
showed that horses can use abstract symbols to communicate. Basically, they can read.
11 Putting blankets on horses in winter is common, but controversial. Opinions differ
on whether they actually need or prefer it. So the Norwegian scientists decided to ask.
12 Horses were trained to distinguish among simple shapes presented on boards. A
vertical bar meant “Take my blanket off.” A horizontal bar meant “Put my blanket on.”
And a blank board meant “No change.” The horses were systematically trained, using
positive reinforcement (treats), to touch the appropriate board. All 23 horses in the
study learned the symbols within 14 days, in sessions lasting 10 or 15 minutes.
13 Next, the horses were given a challenge—a heavy blanket on a warm day or no
blanket on a cold day. When presented with the three symbols, all horses chose
appropriately, asking to have a blanket taken off on a warm day, or put on when it was
cold and rainy. On another rainy, moderately cool day, 10 out of 12 horses asked for a
blanket. Two signaled, “I’m good!”
It’s About Time!
14 Horses have been watching us more closely than we imagined, for thousands of
years. They’ve been trying to tell us stuff, which we’ve mostly ignored. Now, finally,
we’re starting to create ways for them to speak in more detail, ways that we’re capable
of hearing. What else might they have to say?
15 Probably “What took you guys so long?”
around 5,500 years ago. But the conversation has been pretty one-way. We gave
orders. They behaved as if they understood—or not.
2 Meanwhile horses have been watching us, reading our moods, and communicating
in ways that we usually fail to understand. But science is finally catching on to that and
taking a fresh look at the horse-end of this long relationship.
I See What You’re Saying
3 Horses are highly visual animals. In groups, they establish a pecking order,1 mainly
by making threats. The longer the horses have known each other, the more subtle the
threats become, until just a squinty-eyed look from a boss can get a lower-ranked
animal to move away. So it makes sense that facial expressions would be important to
them, but horse facial expressions went unstudied until very recently.
4 Research at the University of Sussex in England has identified 17 different facial
expressions in horses. That’s more than dogs (16) or chimpanzees (14). Some horse
expressions are similar to those of humans—for instance, both horses and humans raise
the skin above their eyes when experiencing negative emotions.
5 Next, the Sussex researchers wondered whether horses recognize human facial
expressions. They showed horses photos of people with angry or happy faces. Horses
turned their heads to view the angry expressions with their left eyes. Dogs also tend to
look at angry faces this way. The horses’ heartbeats sped up while viewing angry faces.
Smiling expressions didn’t prompt either a head turn or a change in heart rate.
Scientists were interested to learn that, though horses and people have very differently
shaped faces and skulls, horses appeared to accurately read human emotions.
6 Horse people have always known that horses are good at reading our moods, but
we’ve attributed that to some kind of sixth sense. Turns out they’re using vision, one of
the same five senses we do—sort of. Horses see very differently than we do. Their large
eyes magnify objects so they seem up to 50 percent larger than they do to us. (To
them, a bike might appear as big as a pony!) They’re also highly attuned to motion. A
little twitch of a frown on a human face may seem like a great big scary scowl to
horses. They interpret it as a threat.
Can You Get Me That?
7 So we know horses communicate with each other through expressions and that they
understand some human expressions. Could they ever communicate with us using
these skills? Another new study indicates they can.
8 Researchers based at the School for Ethical Equitation in Italy created an
experiment in which they placed a bucket of oats, carrots, or apples beyond the reach
of a horse. A human stood passively nearby. Researchers observed horses looking at
the bucket, then at the human, then back at the bucket. If the human did nothing in
response, the horse would try other tricks to attract the human’s gaze—nod its head,
jerk its nose quickly toward the bucket, or change position so it could make eye
contact. If the human walked away, some horses would go over and touch the person.
9 Up until now, scientists had only formally observed this type of purposeful
interspecies communication in dogs. Which makes you wonder, as the title of Frans de
Waal’s bestselling book asks, Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are?
Horses might have an opinion about that!
Flashcards for Horses
10 Horses can use more than body language to tell us things. A 2016 Norwegian study
showed that horses can use abstract symbols to communicate. Basically, they can read.
11 Putting blankets on horses in winter is common, but controversial. Opinions differ
on whether they actually need or prefer it. So the Norwegian scientists decided to ask.
12 Horses were trained to distinguish among simple shapes presented on boards. A
vertical bar meant “Take my blanket off.” A horizontal bar meant “Put my blanket on.”
And a blank board meant “No change.” The horses were systematically trained, using
positive reinforcement (treats), to touch the appropriate board. All 23 horses in the
study learned the symbols within 14 days, in sessions lasting 10 or 15 minutes.
13 Next, the horses were given a challenge—a heavy blanket on a warm day or no
blanket on a cold day. When presented with the three symbols, all horses chose
appropriately, asking to have a blanket taken off on a warm day, or put on when it was
cold and rainy. On another rainy, moderately cool day, 10 out of 12 horses asked for a
blanket. Two signaled, “I’m good!”
It’s About Time!
14 Horses have been watching us more closely than we imagined, for thousands of
years. They’ve been trying to tell us stuff, which we’ve mostly ignored. Now, finally,
we’re starting to create ways for them to speak in more detail, ways that we’re capable
of hearing. What else might they have to say?
15 Probably “What took you guys so long?”
Question 1: The author includes a rhetorical question in paragraph 7 to introduce the research study described in the next paragraph.
Question 2: The most likely reason the author uses a cause-and-effect structure in paragraphs 8 and 9 is to explain why horses in the study showed little interest in humans.
Question 3: Based on the section "I See What You’re Saying," the inference about horses that the reader can make is that horses use a special sense to understand human moods.
Question 6: The organizational pattern of the article helps develop the thesis by classifying the results of research studies to support the idea that horses understand body language much like humans do.
Question 2: The most likely reason the author uses a cause-and-effect structure in paragraphs 8 and 9 is to explain why horses in the study showed little interest in humans.
Question 3: Based on the section "I See What You’re Saying," the inference about horses that the reader can make is that horses use a special sense to understand human moods.
Question 6: The organizational pattern of the article helps develop the thesis by classifying the results of research studies to support the idea that horses understand body language much like humans do.
The Value of the Printed
Newspaper
(1) There is no substitute for the traditional, printed newspaper.
(2) The bolder and larger Headlines allow readers to find articles of
interest quickly. (3) The content is fixed and does not get modified
throughout the day. (4) This makes it easy to access an article for
a second look. (5) Furthermore, printed newspapers include stories
and details that online versions omit. (6) For example, if a big story
dominates the day’s news; online readers may not see articles about
other events in their city or community. (7) And even though both
news platforms contain advertisements, the ads are easier to ignore
in print. (8) Online newspapers use pop-up ads and stories that
play automatically. (9) Many readers complain that these ads were
distracting, annoying, and intrusive.
The Value of the Printed Newspaper
Passage Link
Question 7 Needs Answer
Question 7 (1 point)
Retake question
What change should be made in sentence 9?
Question 7 options:
Change complain to complaining
Change were to are
Delete the comma after distracting
Change annoying to anoying
Question 8 Needs Answer
Question 8 (1 point)
Retake question
What change should be made in sentence 2?
Question 8 options:
Change Headlines to headlines
Change allow to allows
Insert a comma after readers
Change quickly to quick
Newspaper
(1) There is no substitute for the traditional, printed newspaper.
(2) The bolder and larger Headlines allow readers to find articles of
interest quickly. (3) The content is fixed and does not get modified
throughout the day. (4) This makes it easy to access an article for
a second look. (5) Furthermore, printed newspapers include stories
and details that online versions omit. (6) For example, if a big story
dominates the day’s news; online readers may not see articles about
other events in their city or community. (7) And even though both
news platforms contain advertisements, the ads are easier to ignore
in print. (8) Online newspapers use pop-up ads and stories that
play automatically. (9) Many readers complain that these ads were
distracting, annoying, and intrusive.
The Value of the Printed Newspaper
Passage Link
Question 7 Needs Answer
Question 7 (1 point)
Retake question
What change should be made in sentence 9?
Question 7 options:
Change complain to complaining
Change were to are
Delete the comma after distracting
Change annoying to anoying
Question 8 Needs Answer
Question 8 (1 point)
Retake question
What change should be made in sentence 2?
Question 8 options:
Change Headlines to headlines
Change allow to allows
Insert a comma after readers
Change quickly to quick
Question 7: In sentence 9, the change that should be made is to change "complain" to "complaining."
Question 8: In sentence 2, the change that should be made is to change "Headlines" to "headlines."
Question 8: In sentence 2, the change that should be made is to change "Headlines" to "headlines."