In Paul Lawrence Dunbar's poem "Longing," the diction significantly affects its meaning by contributing to a sense of loneliness experienced by the speaker. The careful selection of words reflects a deep yearning for connection and fulfillment that contrasts with the prevailing feelings of isolation and longing.
For example, when the speaker uses words that evoke a sense of distance or separation from the sea, it emphasizes their emotional state of longing. Repetitive phrases in the stanzas can also underline this feeling, making the reader acutely aware of the speaker's persistent desire to bridge the gap between themselves and their yearning.
Overall, the word choice and repetition serve to create a poignant mood of loneliness, illustrating the speaker's struggle with their emotions and desires throughout the poem.