Analyze the two maps of South Asia shown here. Identify and list the border changes that take place. Describe what the first map tells you about the government in South Asia in 1946. Then, research online to find out what specific events occurred in South Asia between 1946 and 1950. Use that information to describe which of the four main reasons why border changes occur led to the differences between the two maps. Using effective reasoning, describe two challenges that the population of South Asia likely faced as a result of the changes.

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Answer 1

To analyze the two maps of South Asia, we need to consider the historical context and changes that occurred in the region between 1946 and 1950.

Border Changes:

1. Partition of India and Pakistan (1947): The most significant border change was the partition of British India into two independent dominions: India and Pakistan. Pakistan was further divided into East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and West Pakistan.
2. Creation of Jammu and Kashmir issue: The princely state of Jammu and Kashmir was contested and led to conflict between India and Pakistan, influencing the borders in the region.

Analysis of the 1946 Map:

The first map of South Asia from 1946 represents British India as a unified entity under colonial rule. The map reveals:

• The British colonial government’s control over the subcontinent.
• The existence of princely states, which had varying degrees of autonomy but were still part of British India.
• No sovereign nations existed as of yet.

Events from 1946 to 1950:

Several key events occurred during this vital time frame:

• March 1946: The Cabinet Mission Plan was proposed by the British government to discuss the future of India, which included discussions about independence and partition.
• August 1947: India and Pakistan gained independence on August 15, 1947, leading to widespread communal violence.
• October 1947: The First Indo-Pakistani War broke out over the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir when tribal militias invaded Kashmir.
• December 1947: An armistice was declared, but the region remained a flashpoint for future conflicts.

Reasons for Border Changes:

The primary reason for the border changes illustrated by the two maps falls under political reasons, specifically the demand for national sovereignty and independence. The partition created new national identities and marked the transition from colonial rule to independent nation-states.

Challenges Faced by the Population:

1. Displacement and Refugees: The partition led to one of the largest mass migrations in human history, with millions of Hindus and Sikhs moving to India and millions of Muslims relocating to Pakistan. This created immense humanitarian crises, as refugees faced violence, loss of property, and a struggle to rebuild their lives in new countries.

2. Communal Violence: The division led to increased communal tensions and violence between different religious groups, resulting in the loss of lives, destruction of homes, and deep-rooted animosities that continue to affect relations between communities in South Asia.

These challenges illustrate the complex socio-political landscape that emerged in South Asia as a consequence of the border changes identified in the maps. The legacy of these events continues to influence the region's demographic, political, and social dynamics today.

Answer 2

Describe two challenges likely faced by the population of South Asia during or after
the political map shifts.
in 3 sentences and on a 9th grade level

Answer 3

During and after the political map shifts in South Asia, one major challenge was mass displacement, as millions of people were forced to leave their homes and migrate to new countries, often facing violence and loss of property. This sudden movement created a humanitarian crisis, with many refugees struggling to find shelter, food, and basic necessities. Another significant challenge was the increase in communal violence, as tensions between different religious groups escalated, leading to conflicts that resulted in widespread fear, loss of life, and lasting divisions among communities.