Alexander Hamilton and the Federalists advocated for a strong centralized government and a robust financial system to support economic growth. They believed that a strong national bank would provide stability to the nation's economy, facilitate the collection of taxes, and manage the public debt. Given this perspective, the policy aligned with Hamilton and the Federalists would be:
C. A strong national bank
This aligns with Hamilton's vision for a strong federal government that could effectively manage the nation's financial affairs and promote industrialization and commerce.