When an unstable nucleus undergoes gamma decay, it emits gamma radiation, which is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation. Gamma decay typically occurs after a nucleus has undergone another type of decay (such as alpha or beta decay) and is left in an excited state.
During gamma decay, the nucleus itself does not change in terms of the number of protons and neutrons (i.e., its atomic number and mass number remain the same). Instead, the nucleus transitions from a higher energy state to a lower energy state by releasing energy in the form of gamma rays. This process helps the nucleus move to a more stable configuration.
In summary, during gamma decay:
- The atomic number (number of protons) of the nucleus remains unchanged.
- The mass number (total number of protons and neutrons) remains unchanged.
- The nucleus loses energy and moves to a lower energy state.
Overall, gamma decay is a process that allows the nucleus to release excess energy without altering its identity.