An underwater scuba diver sees the sun at an apparent angle of 45 degrees from the vertical. What is the actual angle of the sun?

Question

i don't know how to get the answer but the book says its 19.5 degrees can anyone help me?

Answer 1

Snells law is pretty clear. The answer that they give is the angle to the horizon, not to the normal. The Suns angle to the vertical is 70.5 degrees

Answer 2

The index of refraction of water is 1.33.
Use Snell's law.
1.33 sin 45 = sin X
The angle X that you get will be greater than 45 degrees, but they probably want the angle above the horizon for the sun, which would be the complement of X

Answer 3

20 degrees