An important part of the Schuman Plan was to end a longstanding French and German rivalry. Why was this considered vital to bringing lasting peace to Europe?

Answer 1

The longstanding French and German rivalry was considered vital to address in order to bring lasting peace to Europe for several reasons:

1. History of conflict: France and Germany had a long history of conflicts and wars, notably the Franco-German War (1870-71) and World War I (1914-18), resulting in immense human suffering and economic devastation. The scars of these conflicts were deeply rooted in the collective memory of both nations, and there was a fear that future rivalries could lead to further destructive wars.

2. Strategic location: France and Germany's geographical location in the heart of Europe made their relationship crucial for stability on the continent. Any conflicts between these two major powers could have a domino effect and easily pull in other nations, leading to a wider European war.

3. Economic interdependence: The economies of France and Germany were closely intertwined, and any disputes or rivalries could have severe economic consequences for both countries and ripple effects throughout Europe. By fostering cooperation and economic integration, the Schuman Plan aimed to create mutual economic dependency, reducing the likelihood of future conflicts.

4. Symbolic significance: Achieving lasting peace between France and Germany was seen as a symbolic triumph of cooperation and reconciliation, showing that former enemies could become close partners and work together for the greater good. This symbolism was essential to inspire trust and confidence among other European nations and create a united European identity.

5. Consolidation of power: Following the devastation of World War II, Europe was in a vulnerable state. By ending the longstanding rivalry between France and Germany, the Schuman Plan aimed to consolidate their power and influence within a supranational structure, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). This cooperation would also enhance their ability to influence and shape the future of Europe, making it less susceptible to divisions and conflicts.

Overall, ending the French and German rivalry was considered vital to bringing lasting peace to Europe because it addressed historical tensions, minimized economic disruptions, symbolized reconciliation, ensured strategic stability, and consolidated power to shape a unified Europe.