An excellent discussion of language as an

Question

external determinant influences the education
systems of South, Zambia and Kenya

Answer 1

Language plays a significant role in determining the education systems in various African countries, including South Africa, Zambia, and Kenya. These countries have diverse populations, and as such, language is an essential external determinant that influences education outcomes.

In South Africa, there are eleven official languages, and the country has adopted a multilingual approach to education. However, despite this, English remains the dominant language of instruction in most schools. The preference for English instruction is partly due to the language's status as the global business language. As a result, many parents believe that their children will achieve better employment prospects by studying in English. The use of English as a medium of instruction has also been seen as a way to promote social cohesion and national unity. However, critics argue that English instruction undermines the native languages and cultures of the country.

Similarly, in Zambia, there are over 70 indigenous languages, but English is the official language and the medium of instruction in most schools. Many Zambians view English proficiency as a way to upward mobility and success. As a result, students often face a language barrier that hinders their academic performance. Furthermore, English instruction has been blamed for the poor understanding of indigenous languages, leading to a loss of culture, identity, and social cohesion.

In Kenya, the situation is somewhat similar, with English and Swahili being the official languages. English is mainly used as the language of instruction, while Swahili is taught as a compulsory subject. However, there are ongoing efforts to promote the use of local languages in education, particularly in the early years of schooling. The local language policy aims to improve education outcomes by providing a better understanding of concepts and the promotion of cultural identity.

In conclusion, language is an external determinant that significantly influences the education systems of South Africa, Zambia, and Kenya. The preference for English as the medium of instruction has advantages but also has negative effects on indigenous languages, cultural identity, and education outcomes. Countries are now attempting to promote multilingualism as a way to preserve their cultures and promote better education outcomes.