Amino acids join together to form _____________ called _________________.

Question

• There are ____ different amino acids
• The amino group of one amino acid bonds to the ____________ group of another
• The bond that holds two amino acids together is called a ____________________
• When two amino acids bond together, they form a ________________________.
• Additional amino acids may join with a dipeptide to form a _________________.
Proteins
• The _____________________________________ of amino acids determines the specific role of the
protein
• Functional
o Take part in _______________________ and ____________________ materials (hormones,
such as insulin, and catalysts such as enzymes)
• Structural
o Serve as ____________________________ (Collagen-forms bones, tendons, ligaments, and
cartilage)
Proteins: _______________________________________
• Enzymes are organic _________________________ that control the ______________ of chemical
reactions within cells.
• A single organism may possess _______________________of different enzymes.
• Each one is __________________________ to a certain chemical reaction.
• Enzymes have a specific shape, called the ____________________, to which the reactant, or
___________________ can attach.
•
Proteins: Enzymes
• By providing such a reaction site, enzymes __________________________the amount of energy that
substrates need to react.
• In other words, enzymes reduce the _____________________________ _______________________.

Answer 1

Amino acids join together to form polymers called proteins.

• There are 20 different amino acids.
• The amino group of one amino acid bonds to the carboxyl group of another.
• The bond that holds two amino acids together is called a peptide bond.
• When two amino acids bond together, they form a dipeptide.
• Additional amino acids may join with a dipeptide to form a polypeptide.

Proteins

• The sequence of amino acids determines the specific role of the protein.
• Functional
  • Take part in metabolism and transport materials (hormones, such as insulin, and catalysts such as enzymes).
• Structural
  • Serve as building blocks (Collagen-forms bones, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage).

Proteins: Enzymes

• Enzymes are organic catalysts that control the rate of chemical reactions within cells.
• A single organism may possess thousands of different enzymes.
• Each one is specific to a certain chemical reaction.
• Enzymes have a specific shape, called the active site, to which the reactant, or substrate, can attach.

Proteins: Enzymes

• By providing such a reaction site, enzymes lower the amount of energy that substrates need to react.
• In other words, enzymes reduce the activation energy.