Let \( x \) be the total number of students at Ridgewood Junior High School.
We know that 10% of the students brought their lunch, and we have the information that 48 students brought their lunch. We can set up the equation as follows:
\[ 0.10x = 48 \]
To find \( x \), we can solve for it by dividing both sides of the equation by 0.10:
\[ x = \frac{48}{0.10} \]
Now, calculating the right side:
\[ x = 48 \div 0.10 = 48 \times 10 = 480 \]
Thus, the total number of students in Ridgewood Junior High School is
\[ \boxed{480}. \]