The associations you listed—Charles Martel, Normandy, the 100 Years War, and Charlemagne—are primarily linked to the Frankish Empire.
- Charles Martel was a Frankish leader known for his victory at the Battle of Tours.
- Charlemagne (Charles the Great) was a King of the Franks who expanded the empire and was crowned Emperor of the Romans.
- Normandy refers to the region in France that was settled by the Vikings, which was significant in the context of Frankish expansion and the later establishment of the Duchy of Normandy.
- The 100 Years War was primarily between England and France, but it came out of the complex political landscape that included former Frankish territories.
Thus, the correct answer is Frankish.