Acids, Bases, and Salts quick check

Answer 1

Sure! Here’s a quick overview of acids, bases, and salts:

Acids

• Definition: Substances that release hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution.
• Properties:
  • Sour taste
  • Corrosive
  • Turn blue litmus paper red
  • React with metals to produce hydrogen gas
• Examples:
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
  • Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
  • Acetic acid (CH₃COOH)

Bases

• Definition: Substances that release hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in solution or accept hydrogen ions.
• Properties:
  • Bitter taste
  • Slippery feel
  • Turn red litmus paper blue
  • Can react with acids to form salts and water (neutralization)
• Examples:
  • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
  • Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
  • Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃)

Salts

• Definition: Ionic compounds formed from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base.
• Properties:
  • Generally crystalline solids
  • Can conduct electricity when dissolved in water (electrolytes)
• Formation:
  • Acid + Base → Salt + Water
  • Example: HCl + NaOH → NaCl (table salt) + H₂O

Key Concepts

• pH Scale: Ranges from 0 to 14, measuring the acidity or basicity of a solution.
  • pH < 7: Acidic
  • pH = 7: Neutral
  • pH > 7: Basic
• Neutralization Reaction: A reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water.

Feel free to ask if you need more specific information or examples!