Let's address each question one at a time.
Question 1: Which acid-base chemical reaction is irreversible?
The correct response is:
- strong acid added to water
This is an irreversible reaction because strong acids completely dissociate in water, leading to a permanent increase in the concentration of H₃O⁺ ions.
Question 2: Which statement about hydrochloric acid and acetic acid is correct?
The correct response is:
- The pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid must be less than the pH of a solution of acetic acid.
Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid and dissociates completely, resulting in a lower pH compared to acetic acid, which is a weak acid and does not dissociate completely.
Question 3: Which list shows the acidic solutions in order from least conductive of electricity to most conductive?
The correct response is:
- HA, HC, HB
In general, lower pH values correspond to higher concentrations of H⁺ ions (more acidic solutions), which contribute to conductivity. Thus, HB (pH 3.9) is more conductive than HC (pH 4.7), and HC is more conductive than HA (pH 5.6).
Question 4: Which change would decrease the pH of a base in a solution at equilibrium?
The correct response is:
- decreasing the concentration of OH⁻ ions
Decreasing OH⁻ ion concentration would shift the equilibrium toward increasing H⁺ concentration, thus lowering the pH of the solution.
I hope this helps! If you have any further questions or need clarification on these topics, feel free to ask.
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