A) A salt bridge is a device that connects the two half-cells in an electrochemical cell. It is typically made of an inert electrolyte (such as potassium chloride or sodium sulfate) suspended in a gel or liquid. The function of a salt bridge is to allow the flow of ions between the two half-cells, which maintains the electrical neutrality of both cells and prevents the buildup of a charge. Without a salt bridge, the reaction would quickly come to a halt because the build-up of positive or negative charge in each half-cell would inhibit further electron transfer.
B) The basic difference between a galvanic cell and an electrolysis cell is that a galvanic cell (also known as a voltaic cell) converts chemical energy into electrical energy, while an electrolysis cell converts electrical energy into chemical energy. In a galvanic cell, a spontaneous redox reaction occurs, and electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit, generating an electrical current. In an electrolysis cell, an external power source (such as a battery) provides enough energy to overcome the potential energy barrier of a non-spontaneous redox reaction, and electrons are forced to flow from the cathode to the anode. This process is used to produce useful products, such as hydrogen gas or metal ions, by breaking down a compound into its constituent elements.
A).What is a salt bridge? Explain its function in electrochemical cell.
B). Outline the basic difference between a galvanic cell and an electrolysis cell.
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