A student sets up four cups with 40 mL of water in each and adds different amounts of ice to each cup. The student measures the temperature of the water before and after the ice melts in each cup. Which statement describes how the student can determine the connection between the temperature change and the transfer of kinetic energy?(1 point)

Question

Responses

The cup with the greatest temperature change has the greatest transfer of kinetic energy, and this transfer occurs from the ice to the water.
The cup with the greatest temperature change has the greatest transfer of kinetic energy, and this transfer occurs from the ice to the water.

The cup with the greatest temperature change has the least transfer of kinetic energy, and this transfer occurs from the water to the ice.
The cup with the greatest temperature change has the least transfer of kinetic energy, and this transfer occurs from the water to the ice.

The cup with the greatest temperature change has the greatest transfer of kinetic energy, and this transfer occurs from the water to the ice.
The cup with the greatest temperature change has the greatest transfer of kinetic energy, and this transfer occurs from the water to the ice.

The cup with the greatest temperature change has the least transfer of kinetic energy, and this transfer occurs from the ice to the water.

Answer 1

The correct statement is:

The cup with the greatest temperature change has the greatest transfer of kinetic energy, and this transfer occurs from the water to the ice.

This statement reflects the principle that as the water loses thermal energy (which corresponds to a decrease in temperature), that energy is transferred to the ice, causing it to melt. Therefore, a greater temperature change in the water indicates a greater transfer of kinetic energy from the water to the ice.

Answer 2

Which state of matter has the most energy?(1 point)
Responses

plasma
plasma

liquid
liquid

gas
gas

solid

Answer 3

The correct response is:

plasma

Plasma is considered to have the most energy among the states of matter. In plasma, the particles are ionized and have enough energy to overcome the forces that hold them together, allowing them to move freely and rapidly. This is in contrast to solids, liquids, and gases, where particle energy is lower compared to plasma.

Answer 4

Use the table to answer the question.

Cup Number Ice Added (grams)
1 22.1
2 105.3
3 19.0
4 58.0
A student adds ice to four identical cups of water. The mass of ice added is shown in the table. Which cup will have the greatest change in temperature?

(1 point)
Responses

1
1

3
3

4
4

2

Answer 5

To determine which cup will have the greatest change in temperature, we need to consider how much ice is added to each cup. The greater the mass of ice added, the more thermal energy will be absorbed from the water as the ice melts, resulting in a larger temperature change of the water.

From the table:

• Cup 1: 22.1 grams of ice
• Cup 2: 105.3 grams of ice
• Cup 3: 19.0 grams of ice
• Cup 4: 58.0 grams of ice

Cup 2 has the highest mass of ice added (105.3 grams), which means that it will likely have the greatest change in temperature. The reason is that more ice will absorb a greater amount of thermal energy from the water, thus cooling the water down more significantly.

Therefore, the correct response is:

2

Answer 6

What happens to water molecules as water is heated?(1 point)
Responses

The molecules become less dense.
The molecules become less dense.

The molecules move more slowly.
The molecules move more slowly.

The molecules sink.
The molecules sink.

The molecules get closer together.

Answer 7

The correct response is:

The molecules become less dense.

As water is heated, the water molecules gain energy and move more rapidly. This increased movement causes the molecules to spread apart, leading to a decrease in density, as warmer water is less dense than cooler water.

Answer 8

A cook places a pot of water over a flame on a stove. What will happen to the water molecules near the surface of the water? (1 point)
Responses

They will become more dense and rise.
They will become more dense and rise.

They will become more dense and sink.
They will become more dense and sink.

They will become less dense and rise.
They will become less dense and rise.

They will become less dense and sink.

Answer 9

The correct response is:

They will become less dense and rise.

As the water near the surface is heated by the flame, the water molecules gain kinetic energy, move faster, and spread apart, which causes the water to become less dense. This less dense, heated water will rise to the surface, while cooler, denser water will sink, creating convection currents in the pot.

Answer 10

Which option is an example of a transfer of heat by radiation? (1 point)
Responses

people warming up near a campfire
people warming up near a campfire

ice melting in a glass of warm water
ice melting in a glass of warm water

soup being heated in a bowl in the microwave
soup being heated in a bowl in the microwave

a metal spoon in a cup of tea becoming hot

Answer 11

The correct response is:

people warming up near a campfire

This is an example of heat transfer by radiation, which occurs through electromagnetic waves. The heat from the campfire radiates outwards, warming the people nearby. The other options involve heat transfer by conduction or convection.