A student is investigating how different materials affect heat transfer. The student places an ice cube on two blocks, Block A and Block B, which are made of different materials, and observes how long it takes each cube to melt. The setup and data are shown.



Block Mass of the block (g) Initial Temperature of the block (°C) Initial Temperature of the ice cube placed on the block (°C) Time it takes each ice cube to melt on the block Block A 6623-1045 minutesBlock B38236-1010 minutes

Which two statements explain why the ice cube melted faster on Block B?

A. 

Block B has a smaller mass than Block A.

B. 

Block B transfers heat more slowly than Block A.

C. 

Block B’s ice cube was initially warmer than Block A’s.

D. 

Block B’s particles have more kinetic energy than Block A’s.

E. 

Block B is a better conductor of thermal energy than Block A.

1 answer

To determine why the ice cube melted faster on Block B, we need to consider the characteristics of the materials and the heat transfer process.

Given the options:

A. Block B has a smaller mass than Block A - While mass could play a role in how much heat the block can store, it alone doesn’t explain faster heat transfer.

B. Block B transfers heat more slowly than Block A - This contradicts the observation since faster melting would indicate that Block B transfers heat more quickly.

C. Block B’s ice cube was initially warmer than Block A’s - The initial temperature of the ice cube was the same for both blocks, so this statement is incorrect.

D. Block B’s particles have more kinetic energy than Block A’s - This could be true if Block B is a better conductor because better conductors have particles that can more effectively transfer energy. However, this statement doesn't directly explain the speed of melting.

E. Block B is a better conductor of thermal energy than Block A - This statement directly relates to the rate of heat transfer. If Block B is a better conductor, it would transfer heat to the ice cube more quickly, causing it to melt faster.

Based on the analysis, the two statements that explain why the ice cube melted faster on Block B are:

A. Block B has a smaller mass than Block A. (While this could play a role, it's more indirect.) E. Block B is a better conductor of thermal energy than Block A.

So, the primary reason is likely E.