The accurate statement about the investigation is:
The 500-gram rock causes a larger splash because it has more kinetic energy.
This is because kinetic energy is dependent on both mass and velocity, and since both rocks are dropped from the same height, they will have the same velocity just before hitting the water. However, the heavier (500-gram) rock will have more kinetic energy due to its greater mass, which typically results in a larger splash upon entering the water.