The student's claim that a rotation of 180 degrees about the center of a regular polygon carries the polygon onto itself is indeed true. A rotation of 180 degrees will position opposite vertices to be in the same location, effectively mapping the polygon onto itself regardless of the number of sides it has.
Thus, the best statement that describes the student's claim is:
c. The student's claim is true for all regular polygons.
This is because both even and odd regular polygons exhibit the same rotational symmetry at a 180-degree rotation about their center.