In an isolated system, heat will flow from the hotter object (Block 1 at 40°C) to the cooler object (Block 2 at 20°C) until thermal equilibrium is reached. This means that both blocks will end up at the same temperature.
To find the final temperature (\(T_f\)) when two blocks of copper (with equal mass and specific heat capacity) are brought into contact, we can use the equation for heat transfer:
\[ m \cdot c \cdot (T_1 - T_f) = m \cdot c \cdot (T_f - T_2) \]
where:
- \(m\) is the mass of the blocks (which cancels out)
- \(c\) is the specific heat capacity of copper (which also cancels out)
- \(T_1\) is the initial temperature of Block 1 (40°C)
- \(T_2\) is the initial temperature of Block 2 (20°C)
Since the blocks are identical, we can set the temperatures equal to find the average:
\[ T_f = \frac{T_1 + T_2}{2} = \frac{40 + 20}{2} = \frac{60}{2} = 30°C \]
Thus, both blocks will end up at 30°C after thermal equilibrium is reached.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
D. Block 1 is 30 degrees c and block 2 is 30 degrees c.
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