A Story of Vengeance

Alice Ruth Moore

1895
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This is an image of dried petals scattered on an old book.
Alice Ruth Moore (1875-1935) was an American poet, journalist, and political activist. In this story, a woman describes memories of an old love.
Yes, Eleanor, I have grown grayer. I am younger than you, you know, but then, what have you to age you? A kind husband, lovely children, while I — I have none of that. Time goes slowly, slowly for me now.

Why did I never marry? Bernard? Oh, that’s a long story. I’ll tell you if you wish; it might pass an hour.

Do you ever think about the old school days? We thought such foolish things then, didn’t we? Every one of us imagined we would have only to knock ever so faintly on the portals of fame and they would fly wide for our entrance into the magic realms. On Commencement Night, we whispered merrily among ourselves on the stage to see our favorite planet, Venus, of course, smiling at us through a high, open window, “bidding adieu1 to her astronomy class,” we said.

Then you went away to plunge into the most brilliant whirl of society, and I stayed in the beautiful old city to work.

Bernard liked you a great deal in those days, because in school-girl parlance2 you were my “chum.” You say — thanks, no tea — you say you know what happiness means — maybe, but I don’t think any living soul could experience the joy I felt in those days; it was absolutely painful at times.

Lord Byron3 and his counterparts are ever dear to the enamoured heart, whether young or old. Such a man was Bernard: gloomy, tired of the world, with a few dozen broken relationships among his varied experiences. Of course, I worshipped him secretly, what romantic, silly girl of my age would not?

One day, he folded me securely in his arms, and said:

“I have nothing to give you in exchange for that priceless love of yours but a heart that has already been at another’s feet, but may I ask for it?"

“It is already yours,” I answered.

Then began some of the happiest hours that ever the jolly old sun beamed upon or the lovesick moon clothed in her rays of silver. Deceived me? No, no. He admitted that the old love for Blanche was still in his heart, but that he had lost all faith and admiration for her, and could nevermore be other than a friend. Well, I was foolish enough to be content with such crumbs.

We had five months of happiness. I tamed down during that time — even consented to adopt his peerless Blanche as a model. I gave up all my most ambitious plans and cherished schemes because he disliked women whose names were constantly in the mouth of the public. In fact, I became quiet, sedate, and renounced some of my best and dearest friends upon his request. Still, for all the suffering I’ve experienced, I’d be willing to go through it all just to experience those five months again. Every day together, at nights on the lake-shore listening to the soft lap of the waters as the silver sheen of the moon spread over the dainty curled waves; sometimes in a hammock swinging among the trees talking of love and reading poetry. Talk about paradise!

But there is an end to all things. His father sent for his wayward4 son after falling ill. I will always believe he loved me, but he was eager to get home to his mother and father, and anxious to view Blanche in the light of their new relationship. We had a whole series of parting scenes — tears and vows and kisses exchanged. We clung to each other and swore never to forget, and to write every day. Then there was a final wrench. I went back to my old life — he, away at home.

For a while, I was content; there were daily letters from him to read, his many little tokens to adore — until there came a change — letters less frequent, more mentions of Blanche and her love for him, less of his love for me, until the truth was forced upon me. Then I grew cold and proud, and with an iron will crushed and stamped all love for him out of my tortured heart and cried for vengeance.

Yes, quite melodramatic, wasn’t it? It is a dramatic tale, though.

So I threw off my habits of seclusion, mingled again with friends, and took up all my long-forgotten plans. It was really wonderful, wasn’t it? It seems as though that fickle goddess, Fortune, showered every blessing on my path. Success followed success, triumph succeeded triumph. I was lionized, honored, exalted by the social and literary world. You often used to wonder how I withstood it all those years. With the heart-sick weariness and the fierce loathing that possessed me, I hardly know myself.

But, mind you, Eleanor, I schemed well. I had everything seemingly that humanity craved for, but I suffered, and by all the gods, I swore that he should suffer too. Blanche turned against him and married his brother. An unfortunate chain of circumstances drove him from his father’s home branded as a fraud. Strange, wasn’t it? But money is a strong weapon, and its long arm reaches over miles and miles of land and water.

One day, he found me in a distant city, and he begged for my love again, and for mercy and pity. Blanche was only a mistake, he said, and he loved me alone, and so on. I remembered all his trilling tones and tender glances, but they might have moved granite sooner than me. He knelt at my feet and pleaded. I laughed at him and sneered at his misery, and I told him what he had done to my happiness, and what I, in turn, had done to his.

Eleanor, I shall never forget his face as he rose from his knees, and with one awful, indescribable look of hate, anguish, and scorn, walked from the room. As he neared the door, all the old love rose in me like a flood, drowning the sorrows of past years, and overwhelming me in a deluge of pity. Strive as I did, I could not repress it. I called to him in terror, “Bernard, Bernard!” He did not turn; gave no sign of having heard.

He passed slowly away with bent head, out of the house and out of my life. I’ve never seen him since, never heard of him. Somewhere out there, he wanders outcast, forsaken, loveless. I have my vengeance, but it is like Dead Sea fruit, all bitter ashes to the taste. I am a miserable, heart-weary wreck — a woman with fame, without love.

Vengeance is an arrow that often falls and strikes the hand that sent it.

Text: "A Story of Vengeance" from Violets and Other Tales by Alice Ruth Moore (1895) is in the public domain. This text has been modified.

Image: "Rose petals on an open book" by Debby Hudson is licensed under CC0.

Notes:
“goodbye” in French

a way of speaking
an English Romantic poet
difficult to control

7 answers

A Story of Vengeance
By Alice Ruth Moore

1895

“Yes, Eleanor, I have grown grayer. I am younger than you, you know, but then, what have you to age you? A kind husband, lovely children, while I—I have none of that. Time goes slowly, slowly for me now.

Why did I never marry? Bernard? Oh, that’s a long story. I’ll tell you if you wish; it might pass an hour.

Do you ever think about the old school days? We thought such foolish things then, didn’t we? Every one of us imagined we would have only to knock ever so faintly on the portals of fame and they would fly wide for our entrance into the magic realms. On Commencement Night, we whispered merrily among ourselves on the stage to see our favorite planet, Venus, of course, smiling at us through a high, open window, “bidding adieu to her astronomy class,” we said.

Then you went away to plunge into the most brilliant whirl of society, and I stayed in the beautiful old city to work.

Bernard liked you a great deal in those days, because in school-girl parlance you were my “chum.” You say—thanks, no tea—you say you know what happiness means—maybe, but I don’t think any living soul could experience the joy I felt in those days; it was absolutely painful at times.

Lord Byron and his counterparts are ever dear to the enamoured heart, whether young or old. Such a man was Bernard: gloomy, tired of the world, with a few dozen broken relationships among his varied experiences. Of course, I worshipped him secretly; what romantic, silly girl of my age would not?

One day, he folded me securely in his arms and said:

“I have nothing to give you in exchange for that priceless love of yours but a heart that has already been at another’s feet, but may I ask for it?”

“It is already yours,” I answered.

Then began some of the happiest hours that ever the jolly old sun beamed upon or the lovesick moon clothed in her rays of silver. Deceived me? No, no. He admitted that the old love for Blanche was still in his heart, but that he had lost all faith and admiration for her, and could nevermore be other than a friend. Well, I was foolish enough to be content with such crumbs.

We had five months of happiness. I tamed down during that time—even consented to adopt his peerless Blanche as a model. I gave up all my most ambitious plans and cherished schemes because he disliked women whose names were constantly in the mouth of the public. In fact, I became quiet, sedate, and renounced some of my best and dearest friends upon his request. Still, for all the suffering I’ve experienced, I’d be willing to go through it all just to experience those five months again. Every day together, at nights on the lake-shore listening to the soft lap of the waters as the silver sheen of the moon spread over the dainty curled waves; sometimes in a hammock swinging among the trees, talking of love and reading poetry. Talk about paradise!

But there is an end to all things. His father sent for his wayward son after falling ill. I will always believe he loved me, but he was eager to get home to his mother and father, and anxious to view Blanche in the light of their new relationship. We had a whole series of parting scenes—tears and vows and kisses exchanged. We clung to each other and swore never to forget, and to write every day. Then there was a final wrench. I went back to my old life—he, away at home.

For a while, I was content; there were daily letters from him to read, his many little tokens to adore—until there came a change—letters less frequent, more mentions of Blanche and her love for him, less of his love for me, until the truth was forced upon me. Then I grew cold and proud, and with an iron will crushed and stamped all love for him out of my tortured heart and cried for vengeance.

Yes, quite melodramatic, wasn’t it? It is a dramatic tale, though.

So I threw off my habits of seclusion, mingled again with friends, and took up all my long-forgotten plans. It was really wonderful, wasn’t it? It seems as though that fickle goddess, Fortune, showered every blessing on my path. Success followed success, triumph succeeded triumph. I was lionized, honored, exalted by the social and literary world. You often used to wonder how I withstood it all those years. With the heart-sick weariness and the fierce loathing that possessed me, I hardly know myself.

But, mind you, Eleanor, I schemed well. I had everything seemingly that humanity craved for, but I suffered, and by all the gods, I swore that he should suffer too. Blanche turned against him and married his brother. An unfortunate chain of circumstances drove him from his father’s home branded as a fraud. Strange, wasn’t it? But money is a strong weapon, and its long arm reaches over miles and miles of land and water.

One day, he found me in a distant city, and he begged for my love again, and for mercy and pity. Blanche was only a mistake, he said, and he loved me alone, and so on. I remembered all his trilling tones and tender glances, but they might have moved granite sooner than me. He knelt at my feet and pleaded. I laughed at him and sneered at his misery, and I told him what he had done to my happiness, and what I, in turn, had done to his.

Eleanor, I shall never forget his face as he rose from his knees, and with one awful, indescribable look of hate, anguish, and scorn, walked from the room. As he neared the door, all the old love rose in me like a flood, drowning the sorrows of past years, and overwhelming me in a deluge of pity. Strive as I did, I could not repress it. I called to him in terror, “Bernard, Bernard!” He did not turn; gave no sign of having heard.

He passed slowly away with bent head, out of the house and out of my life. I’ve never seen him since, never heard of him. Somewhere out there, he wanders outcast, forsaken, loveless. I have my vengeance, but it is like Dead Sea fruit—all bitter ashes to the taste. I am a miserable, heart-weary wreck—a woman with fame, without love.

Vengeance is an arrow that often falls and strikes the hand that sent it.


Text: "A Story of Vengeance" from Violets and Other Tales by Alice Ruth Moore (1895) is in the public domain. This text has been modified.

Image: "Rose petals on an open book" by Debby Hudson is licensed under CC0.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 6

How does Bernard's betrayal affect the narrator?

A. She becomes more like Blanche to win Bernard back.

B. She becomes embittered and obsessed with revenge.

C. She allows her love to fade and forgets Bernard completely.

D. She pursues fame and success in order to impress Bernard.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 7

What does "exalted" mean as it is used in paragraph 15?

A. acclaimed

B. amazed

C. envied

D. isolated

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 8

What does the following quote imply about the narrator? "money is a strong weapon, and its long arm reaches over miles and miles of land and water." (Paragraph 16)

A. She always knew that Bernard was a fraud.

B. She used money to cause Bernard's misfortune.

C. She fears Bernard may use his money against her.

D. She was jealous of Bernard's money and influence.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 9

How do paragraphs 18-19 develop the narrator's point of view?

A. They show that she regrets her actions.

B. They show that she expects Bernard's forgiveness.

C. They show that she is satisfied that she hurt Bernard.

D. They show that she is pleased Bernard loves her again.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 10

What is the meaning of "forsaken" as it is used in paragraph 19?

A. regretful

B. abandoned

C. disappointed

D. incompetent

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 11

Which statement best identifies the central idea of the article?

A. Staghorn ferns grow more quickly in communities than they do independently.

B. Staghorn ferns have specific duties and share resources to help each other survive.

C. Staghorn ferns only share resources with other staghorn ferns that possess the same genes.

D. Staghorn ferns grow on other species of plants from which they get their water and nutrients.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 12

Paragraph 1 contributes to the overall passage by —

A. introducing interesting characteristics of staghorn ferns.

B. explaining how staghorn ferns survive high in the treetops.

C. highlighting the variety of plant species that can coexist together.

D. showing how different species must rely on each other to survive.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 13

Why does Burns liken staghorn ferns to termites?

A. Termites and staghorn occupy the same habitat.

B. Termites are eusocial like he suspects staghorn ferns to be.

C. Termites and staghorn ferns have yet to be proven to be eusocial.

D. Termites rely on staghorn ferns for their nutrients.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 14

Which quotation from the article provides the best evidence that staghorn ferns are most likely eusocial?

A. "A mass of strange ferns embraces a trunk high among the treetops. They look like a giant tangle of floppy, green antlers." (Paragraph 1)

B. "Eusocial has been used to describe certain societies of insects and crustaceans, along with two species of mole rats." (Paragraph 7)

C. "These ferns appear to form a complex society made up of interdependent groups." (Paragraph 8)

D. "Ferns reproduce via spores, which form on the underside of leaf-like fronds." (Paragraph 9)

Here are the answers to your questions based on the provided information and analysis of "A Story of Vengeance" and general knowledge:

Question 6: How does Bernard's betrayal affect the narrator?

  • B. She becomes embittered and obsessed with revenge.
    The narrator's response to Bernard's betrayal leads her to feel vengeful and determined to make him suffer for his perceived wrongs.

Question 7: What does "exalted" mean as it is used in paragraph 15?

  • A. acclaimed.
    In this context, "exalted" refers to the narrator being honored and recognized, especially in the social and literary world.

Question 8: What does the following quote imply about the narrator? "money is a strong weapon, and its long arm reaches over miles and miles of land and water." (Paragraph 16)

  • B. She used money to cause Bernard's misfortune.
    The narrator implies that she manipulated situations involving money to create hardship for Bernard.

Question 9: How do paragraphs 18-19 develop the narrator's point of view?

  • C. They show that she is satisfied that she hurt Bernard.
    In these paragraphs, the narrator expresses a sense of satisfaction and vindication in having caused Bernard pain.

Question 10: What is the meaning of "forsaken" as it is used in paragraph 19?

  • B. abandoned.
    "Forsaken" here means left alone or abandoned, reflecting Bernard's outcast status.

Question 11: Which statement best identifies the central idea of the article?

  • This appears to relate to a different article about staghorn ferns. Please provide more context or the article for accurate answers.

Question 12: Paragraph 1 contributes to the overall passage by —

  • This also seems related to the staghorn ferns article. Again, more context would be necessary for a precise answer.

Question 13: Why does Burns liken staghorn ferns to termites?

  • This question also pertains to the earlier mentioned staghorn ferns article and would require further context to answer accurately.

Question 14: Which quotation from the article provides the best evidence that staghorn ferns are most likely eusocial?

  • Similar to the previous questions about staghorn ferns, additional context is needed for the best answer.

If you provide details for the last questions related to staghorn ferns, I can help with those too!

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 15

What are TWO ways nest fronds differ from strap fronds?

A. They grow bigger than strap fronds.

B. They need less water than strap fronds.

C. They have shorter lives than strap fonds.

D. They absorb more water than strap fronds.

E. They need more nutrients than strap fronds.

F. They are less likely to reproduce than strap fronds.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 16

What does "slaking" mean in paragraph 10?

A. circulating

B. prompting

C. quenching

D. sustaining

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 17

Which of the following best describes Burns' point of view on staghorn ferns?

A. More evidence is needed to prove that staghorn ferns form communities.

B. More research is needed to explain why staghorn ferns form communities.

C. The proof that staghorn ferns are eusocial suggests that other fern species are as well.

D. The evidence that suggests staghorn ferns are eusocial is exciting.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 18

Which quotation from the passage explains why staghorn ferns likely share resources?

A. "He likens the fern colonies to an upside-down umbrella. Some with long, green, waxy 'strap' fronds appeared to direct rainwater to the center of the clump." (Paragraph 4)

B. "Earlier studies conducted by other scientists had found networks of roots running throughout the colony." (Paragraph 10)

C. "The society these plants create allows all members to share scarce supplies of water and nutrients." (Paragraph 14)

D. "'The epiphyte lifestyle certainly facilitates group living,' he adds. 'And group living is where all social stories start.'" (Paragraph 15)

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 19

How does the author develop his claim that staghorn ferns are most likely eusocial?

A. by discussing plants other than staghorn ferns that are eusocial

B. by describing how certain traits of eusocial organisms apply to staghorn ferns

C. by explaining how staghorn ferns have changed over time to become eusocial

D. by suggesting that most plants are eusocial

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 20

What is the meaning of "variability" in paragraph 16?

A. changeability

B. competition

C. efficiency

D. reliability

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 21

Which of the following best identifies the author's main purpose in the article?

A. to discuss the various plant and animal species that are eusocial

B. to share findings that support the idea that staghorn ferns are eusocial

C. to challenge claims that reject the idea that staghorn ferns are eusocial

D. to encourage scientists to study other plant species that might be eusocial

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 22

Which TWO statements best describe the central ideas of the article?

A. Magpies will randomly swoop people to assert their dominance.

B. Magpies will swoop people to warn them away from their nests.

C. Magpies that trust people can form long-lasting friendships with them.

D. People can establish a friendship with magpies by offering them food.

E. People are more likely to form a friendship with magpies kept as pets.

F. People should show that they are unafraid when swooped by magpies.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 23

The author introduces magpies by —

A. explaining how different species of animals defend themselves.

B. defining important terms that the reader will need to understand.

C. presenting the question she plans to answer throughout the article.

D. discussing birds and then broadening her discussion to other animal species.

Here are the answers based on the context of your questions regarding staghorn ferns and magpies:

Question 15: What are TWO ways nest fronds differ from strap fronds?

  • D. They absorb more water than strap fronds.
  • E. They need more nutrients than strap fronds.
    These options indicate the specific functional differences in how each type of frond contributes to the plant's overall needs.

Question 16: What does "slaking" mean in paragraph 10?

  • C. quenching.
    In this context, "slaking" likely refers to satisfying a thirst or desire, particularly in relation to water absorption.

Question 17: Which of the following best describes Burns' point of view on staghorn ferns?

  • D. The evidence that suggests staghorn ferns are eusocial is exciting.
    This option conveys a positive and enthusiastic perspective about the findings regarding staghorn ferns.

Question 18: Which quotation from the passage explains why staghorn ferns likely share resources?

  • C. "The society these plants create allows all members to share scarce supplies of water and nutrients." (Paragraph 14)
    This quote directly addresses the concept of resource sharing among the ferns.

Question 19: How does the author develop his claim that staghorn ferns are most likely eusocial?

  • B. by describing how certain traits of eusocial organisms apply to staghorn ferns
    This method is effective in demonstrating parallels between the ferns and known eusocial behavior.

Question 20: What is the meaning of "variability" in paragraph 16?

  • A. changeability.
    "Variability" refers to the ability of something to change or vary, especially in the context of traits or characteristics.

Question 21: Which of the following best identifies the author's main purpose in the article?

  • B. to share findings that support the idea that staghorn ferns are eusocial.
    This option encapsulates the intent of the article to present evidence and findings regarding the ferns' social structure.

Question 22: Which TWO statements best describe the central ideas of the article?

  • B. Magpies will swoop people to warn them away from their nests.
  • D. People can establish a friendship with magpies by offering them food.
    These statements capture the natural behavior of magpies and the potential for human-animal relationships.

Question 23: The author introduces magpies by —

  • C. presenting the question she plans to answer throughout the article.
    This method engages readers by highlighting a central inquiry that will guide the discussion.

If you need further clarifications or more information on any of these questions, feel free to ask!

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 24

Paragraph 3 refines the author's ideas in the article by —

A. explaining how birds' and people's approaches to friendship differ.

B. showing that people can form friendships with various species of animals.

C. suggesting that providing birds with food and shelter is an important part of friendship.

D. distinguishing between what does and does not qualify as a friendship between birds and humans.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 25

What is the effect of the author describing magpies' relationships with people as an "investment"? (Paragraph 6)

A. It highlights that the relationships are temporary.

B. It suggests that people benefit from the relationships.

C. It suggests that magpies benefit from the relationships.

D. It highlights that the relationships are more difficult to develop over time.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 26

How does the author develop the idea that magpies can grow to trust people?

A. by sharing examples of how magpies behave when they trust someone

B. by detailing how magpies will only live around people that they trust

C. by comparing magpies to other birds that trust people

D. by explaining how a person can earn a magpie's trust

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 27

Which word is closest in meaning to "manifests" as it is used in paragraph 7?

A. appears

B. contrasts

C. recedes

D. varies

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 28

Paragraphs 8-9 contribute to the development of ideas in the article by —

A. supporting the idea that magpies are nonviolent birds.

B. describing a situation in which a magpie was friendly toward a person.

C. providing instructions for how a person can obtain a magpie's trust.

D. comparing magpies' behavior to the behavior of other birds.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 29

What is the meaning of "arbitrary" in paragraph 13?

A. avoidable

B. intentional

C. preventative

D. random

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 30

Which quotation best explains why magpies are protective of their nests?

A. "When magpies are permanently settled on human property, they are also far less likely to swoop the people who live there." (Paragraph 4)

B. "The difference between simply not swooping someone and a real friendship manifests in several ways." (Paragraph 7)

C. "Magpie swooping is generally a defensive action taken when someone unknown approaches who the magpie believes intends harm." (Paragraph 13)

D. "When I was swooped for the first time in a public place, I slowly walked over to the other side of the road." (Paragraph 14)

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 31

The author develops her point of view by describing —

A. an experiment with magpies.

B. her observations of magpies.

C. other friendships across species.

D. how taming magpies affects their behavior.

Question 32

Which quotation best shows how a person should respond to a swooping magpie?

A. "The bird was curious about everything I did. She also wanted to play with me and found my shoelaces particularly attractive" (Paragraph 9)

B. "If warnings are ignored, the adult male may try to conduct a near-contact swoop aimed at the head." (Paragraph 13)

C. "I allowed the male to study my face and appearance from a safe distance" (Paragraph 14)

D. "A sure way of escalating conflict is to fence them with a device like an umbrella or to run away at high speed." (Paragraph 15)

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 33

The author develops the central ideas of the article by —

A. explaining the motivations behind magpies' behaviors.

B. describing the research she has conducted on magpies.

C. comparing how magpies behave in the country and in the city.

D. suggesting that magpies have become more suspicious of humans recently.

5 out of 34 Answered
Question 34

The author's most likely purpose in the article is to —

A. explain why people should avoid magpies during the swooping season.

B. provide information about magpies' different interactions with people.

C. convey how rare it is for magpies to form friendships with people.

D. encourage people to interact with magpie chicks to build trust.

Here are the answers to your remaining questions about magpies based on the context provided:

Question 24: Paragraph 3 refines the author's ideas in the article by —

  • D. distinguishing between what does and does not qualify as a friendship between birds and humans.
    This option indicates that the author clarifies the nature of relationships between species.

Question 25: What is the effect of the author describing magpies' relationships with people as an "investment"? (Paragraph 6)

  • B. It suggests that people benefit from the relationships.
    Describing the relationships as an "investment" implies that there is a mutual benefit involved, especially for the people.

Question 26: How does the author develop the idea that magpies can grow to trust people?

  • A. by sharing examples of how magpies behave when they trust someone
    Providing specific examples of magpie behavior helps demonstrate their capacity for trust.

Question 27: Which word is closest in meaning to "manifests" as it is used in paragraph 7?

  • A. appears.
    In this context, "manifests" refers to the way certain traits become evident or visible.

Question 28: Paragraphs 8-9 contribute to the development of ideas in the article by —

  • B. describing a situation in which a magpie was friendly toward a person.
    These paragraphs help illustrate positive interactions and friendly behaviors to develop the central theme.

Question 29: What is the meaning of "arbitrary" in paragraph 13?

  • D. random.
    In this context, "arbitrary" likely refers to decisions or actions that are made without any specific pattern or rationale.

Question 30: Which quotation best explains why magpies are protective of their nests?

  • C. "Magpie swooping is generally a defensive action taken when someone unknown approaches who the magpie believes intends harm." (Paragraph 13)
    This quote clearly explains the defensive nature of magpie behavior regarding their nests.

Question 31: The author develops her point of view by describing —

  • B. her observations of magpies.
    Her personal observations provide evidence and context to support her claims about magpies.

Question 32: Which quotation best shows how a person should respond to a swooping magpie?

  • D. "A sure way of escalating conflict is to fence them with a device like an umbrella or to run away at high speed." (Paragraph 15)
    This quote offers advice on how to avoid escalating the situation when confronted by a swooping magpie.

Question 33: The author develops the central ideas of the article by —

  • A. explaining the motivations behind magpies' behaviors.
    Understanding the motivations helps clarify why magpies act the way they do in various situations.

Question 34: The author's most likely purpose in the article is to —

  • B. provide information about magpies' different interactions with people.
    This answer reflects the article's focus on exploring the nature of magpie-human relationships.

Feel free to reach out if you need any more help or explanations!

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