The correct observation the scientist would likely make is that the plant withers and dies.
Here's the reasoning:
Stomata are small openings on the underside of leaves that allow for gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen. By blocking the stomata with petroleum jelly, the plant would be unable to take in carbon dioxide effectively. As a result, the plant would struggle to perform photosynthesis, leading to a lack of energy production, which is essential for growth and survival. Without adequate photosynthesis, the plant would eventually wither and die.
Additionally, even though the plant is watered and in a sunny spot, the inability to exchange gases would critically impair its physiological functions.