a scientist who studies the whole environment as a working unit?

Answer 1

A scientist who studies the whole environment as a working unit is typically referred to as an ecologist. Ecologists examine the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical surroundings. They focus on ecosystems, biodiversity, and the interactions among various components of the environment, which include air, water, soil, and living organisms. Ecologists may study ecosystems at various scales, from small habitats to large landscapes, and their work often informs conservation efforts and environmental management practices.