A research team is examining the braking system of a newly designed car model. The 1950-kilogram car moves along a track at a speed of 22.0 meters per second. Force is subsequently applied to bring the car to a full stop. This is depicted in the provided data, along with the time required for the car to come to a halt.

Question

In what way does the information substantiate the equation provided in Newton's second law of motion, F = ma?

(1 point)
Responses

Acceleration will rise as the time needed for the stopping of motion increases.
Acceleration will rise as the time needed for the stopping of motion increases.

Applying double the force to the car will lead to its deceleration at a rate twice as fast.
Applying double the force to the car will lead to its deceleration at a rate twice as fast.

Applying double the force to the car will result in it decelerating at half the rate.
Applying double the force to the car will result in it decelerating at half the rate.

The acceleration rate will remain constant for a car with consistent mass.
The acceleration rate will remain constant for a car with consistent mass.
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Answer 1

The statement that best substantiates Newton's second law of motion, \( F = ma \), is:

Applying double the force to the car will lead to its deceleration at a rate twice as fast.

This is consistent with the principle behind Newton’s second law, which states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object multiplied by its acceleration. Therefore, if the mass remains constant (as is the case with the car), increasing the force applied (in this case, by doubling it) will result in a proportional increase in acceleration (or deceleration, when considering braking).