A potential difference of 102 mV exists between the inner and outer surfaces of a cell membrane. The inner surface is negative relative to the outer surface. How much work is required to eject a positive sodium ion (Na+) from the interior of the cell? (in J)

Answer 1

W = q•Δφ = 11•e•102•10^-3 =
=11•1.6•10^-19•102•10^-3=1.8•10^-19 J