The scenario described is most closely related to the concept of Relearning (option 4).
Relearning refers to the process of learning information again after having learned it previously. The parent studying ahead indicates that she is revisiting concepts from her past education, which can facilitate a quicker understanding of the material due to prior knowledge, making it easier for her to help her child.
While overlearning, recognition, and recall are also related to learning, they do not fit as well in this specific context. Overlearning refers to continued practice of material after initial learning; recognition involves identifying previously learned material; and recall refers to retrieving information without cues.