A motorboat can maintain a constant speed of 14 miles per hour relative to the water. The boat makes a trip upstream to a certain point in 25 minutes; the return trip takes 10 minutes. What is the speed of the current?

1 answer

Let the speed of the current be \( c \) miles per hour. The speed of the motorboat relative to the bank (ground speed) will then be:

  • Upstream: \( 14 - c \) miles per hour
  • Downstream: \( 14 + c \) miles per hour

We know that:

  • The time taken to go upstream is 25 minutes, which is \( \frac{25}{60} \) hours or \( \frac{5}{12} \) hours.
  • The time taken to return downstream is 10 minutes, which is \( \frac{10}{60} \) hours or \( \frac{1}{6} \) hours.

Let \( d \) be the distance to the point upstream. We can set up equations based on the formula \( \text{distance} = \text{speed} \times \text{time} \).

  1. For the upstream trip: \[ d = (14 - c) \cdot \frac{5}{12} \]

  2. For the downstream trip: \[ d = (14 + c) \cdot \frac{1}{6} \]

Since both expressions represent the same distance \( d \), we can set them equal to each other:

\[ (14 - c) \cdot \frac{5}{12} = (14 + c) \cdot \frac{1}{6} \]

Now, we will eliminate \( d \) and solve for \( c \).

First, clear the fractions by multiplying both sides by 12:

\[ 5(14 - c) = 2(14 + c) \]

Expanding both sides gives:

\[ 70 - 5c = 28 + 2c \]

Now, combine like terms:

\[ 70 - 28 = 5c + 2c \]

This simplifies to:

\[ 42 = 7c \]

Dividing both sides by 7:

\[ c = 6 \]

Thus, the speed of the current is \( \boxed{6} \) miles per hour.