Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are integral parts of the carbon cycle. Photosynthesis, conducted by plants, algae, and some bacteria, captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and converts it into organic compounds like glucose using sunlight. In contrast, cellular respiration, performed by all living organisms, breaks down these organic compounds to release energy, producing carbon dioxide as a byproduct, which is then returned to the atmosphere. Together, these processes maintain the balance of carbon in the ecosystem: photosynthesis sequesters carbon while cellular respiration releases it, facilitating the continuous cycling of carbon through various forms.
A fellow student is studying the differences between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The student asks you to explain how cellular respiration uniquely contributes to the carbon cycle. In 3–5 sentences, describe the different ways that both photosynthesis and cellular respiration contribute to the carbon cycle.
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