To find the average rate of change in the dolphin's position, we need to calculate the change in position and then divide that by the time taken to make that change.
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Initial Position (at the highest point): The dolphin jumps and reaches an altitude of 3.5 meters above the water. We can denote this as \( +3.5 \) m.
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Final Position (at the lowest point): After diving 10 meters below the surface, the position becomes \( -10 \) m (since it's below the water surface).
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Change in Position:
\[ \text{Change in Position} = \text{Final Position} - \text{Initial Position} = (-10) - (3.5) = -10 - 3.5 = -13.5 \text{ m} \]
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Time Taken: The time taken for this change is 12.5 seconds.
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Average Rate of Change: The average rate of change is calculated by dividing the change in position by the time.
\[ \text{Average Rate of Change} = \frac{\text{Change in Position}}{\text{Time}} = \frac{-13.5 \text{ m}}{12.5 \text{ s}} \approx -1.08 \text{ m/s} \]
- Rounding: To the nearest hundredth, the average rate of change is:
\[ \boxed{-1.08 \text{ m/s}} \]