To find the output force using a crowbar (lever), we can use the formula for mechanical advantage (MA):
\[ \text{MA} = \frac{\text{Output Force}}{\text{Input Force}} \]
Rearranging this formula allows us to calculate the output force:
\[ \text{Output Force} = \text{MA} \times \text{Input Force} \]
Given:
- Actual Mechanical Advantage (MA) = 8
- Input Force = 400 N
Now, substituting the values into the equation:
\[ \text{Output Force} = 8 \times 400 , \text{N} \]
\[ \text{Output Force} = 3200 , \text{N} \]
Thus, the output force on the short end of the crowbar is 3,200 N.